Max Planck Insitute

Cells transform complex environmental stimuli into physiological responses. In dynamic environments, or when a motile cell moves in a static setting, stimuli change over time. Here we introduce a concept, “reverse opto-chemical engineering,” which uses temporal light patterns and photo-triggers to create virtual sensory landscapes for cells. This allows us to record their physiological responses and motor behavior in real time.

Abstract It is a fundamental of behavior that different individuals see the world in a largely similar manner. This is an essential basis for humans’ ability to cooperate and communicate. However, what are the neural properties that underlie these inter-subject commonalities of our visual world?

1 INTRODUCTION Obtaining a quantitative measure of infants’ cognitive abilities is an extraordinarily difficult endeavor. The most frequent way to assess what infants know or prefer is to track overt behavior. However, measuring overt behavior at early ages presents many challenges: participants’ attention span is short, they do not follow instructions, their moods can change instantly, and their behavior is often inconsistent.