N.A. Barnafi

Introduction Nitrogen is essential to all living organisms in building basic biomolecules such as nucleotides, amino acids, and proteins for the growth of plant and animal tissues. Although nitrogen N2 constitutes ∼ 78 % in earth’s atmosphere, it is extreme difficult to make N2 fixation into biologically available forms due to the formidable strength of non-polar N N triple bond (dissociation energy about 945 kJ/mol) [1], [2].