Nick Barua

Abstract A critical design blind spot persists in contemporary electric vehicle (EV) safety engineering: ISO 26262 functional-safety frameworks generally treat battery State-of-Health (SoH) as a passive maintenance metric rather than a live, mode-governing safety variable. This paper proposes a five-layer theoretical co-design framework that integrates SoH estimation, power-margin monitoring, functional-safety decision logic, actuation, and lifecycle management.

This version is not peer-reviewed. You are already at the latest version Pedestrian-detection research and vehicle-safety assessment have traditionally concentrated on upright, walking or crossing pedestrians. People who are prone, supine, lateral, seated, crouched, kneeling, partially collapsed or undergoing a fall present different visual, geometric, thermal and kinematic characteristics.

This version is not peer-reviewed. You are already at the latest version Fallen pedestrians—those lying prone, supine, or crouching on roadways—represent a critical and largely unaddressed vulnerability in contemporary Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS).