Pôle de médecine

1 INTRODUCTION The human mandible occupies a strategic position in the facial skeleton and is involved in the functions of mastication, phonation, deglutition, and ventilation (Enlow & Hans, 1996; Lieberman, 1997; van Eijden, 2000). Its specific set of functions partially explains the wide range of loading regimes experienced by the human mandible (Decaup et al., 2023; Panagiotopoulou et al., 2020; van Eijden, 2000).

1 Introduction Implant restorations in the posterior maxillary regions frequently necessitate addressing the challenge of limited bone height beneath the sinus cavities [1, 2]. In these circumstances, short implants (≤ 6 mm) represent a viable treatment, but they exhibit greater variability and diminished predictability in survival rates than augmentation procedures [3].

1 Introduction Peri-implantitis is characterized by peri-implant tissue inflammation and bone destruction that can lead to dental implant failure. Its prevalence ranges from 12.5% to 19% when considering the implant or patient level (Diaz et al. 2022). Peri-implantitis is associated with bleeding/suppuration on probing and increased probing depth correlated with radiographic signs of bone loss (Berglundh et al. 2019).