Qing-Jun Meng

Abstract Circadian medicine, the delivery of therapeutic interventions based on an individual’s daily rhythms, has shown improved efficacy and reduced side-effects for various treatments. Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases are characterized by diurnal changes in cytokines, leading to inflammatory flares, with peak disease activity in the early morning.

Hemorrhagic stroke in the brain parenchyma, also known as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), constitutes approximately 15 % of all stroke cases and typically results in more severe functional impairments than ischemic stroke, imposing a significant global health burden [1], [2]. The pathophysiology of brain injury post-ICH is dynamic and intricate, with secondary injuries leading to persistent neurological deficits [3].

The authors have declared no competing interest. AH and SS were self-funded undergraduate students. BGF is supported by an NIHR Academic Clinical Lectureship. RB and MJ were supported by a Wellcome Trust collaborative award (209233/Z/17/Z). QJM was supported by a Versus Arthritis Senior Fellowship Award 20875. I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.