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Articles by Robert Ritchie
Competing mechanisms toughen bcc binary and medium-entropy alloys at 20 K
Abstract Plastic deformation in body-centred cubic (bcc) metals and alloys is conventionally mediated by screw dislocations. Their temperature-sensitive motion is attributed to a steep rise in strength with decreasing temperature that constricts plastic zones at crack tips, leading to a ductile-to-brittle transition1.
Replace Sen. Sullivan
To the editor: In one of the latest glossy Dan Sullivan-for-Senate campaign circulars, Sen. Sullivan states that he will stand up for Alaskan families over D.C. Politics. I imagine that he is referring to the politics of those “crazy Democrats.” However, anyone with a pulse recognizes that the chaos of D.C. politics originates in an imbalanced executive branch, which is emboldened by Republican legislators including Dan Sullivan, himself. Each has abdicated his or her function to check that chaos.
Ductile and scalable 3 GPa steel via a hierarchical microstructural architecture
Abstract Ultrahigh-strength steels with yield strengths exceeding 3 GPa and appreciable ductility represent a transformative frontier in materials science. Conventional strengthening approaches, such as cold-work hardening, however, inevitably trade strength for total elongation, and thus are unable to deliver ductile 3 GPa steel.
Bending-fatigue-resistant hierarchical NiTi shape memory alloy
Abstract The bending fatigue resistance of superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs) is a key determinant for their reliable function in cyclic applications such as biomedical implants, adaptive actuators, and elastocaloric devices. However, conventional NiTi alloys exhibit limited fatigue life due to premature crack initiation and propagation under cyclic tensile loading.
Intrinsic edge dislocations promote high-temperature strength and ductility in additively manufactured refractory high-entropy alloys
Abstract Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) hold promise for applications in extreme environments. However, conventional as-cast RHEAs are constrained by the trade-off between strength and ductility, necessitating time- and energy-intensive post-processing. Here, we propose a streamlined strategy to fabricate RHEAs via laser directed energy deposition (LDED) using elemental powder blends, eliminating the need for post heat treatments.
America Rallies to Keep Christ in Christmas
NEWS PROVIDED BY America Needs Fatima Jan. 5, 2026 HANOVER, Penn., Jan. 5, 2026 /Christian Newswire/ — Thousands of faithful Americans gathered at 1,157 individual rosary rallies to remind us to “Keep Christ in Christmas.” Organized through America Needs Fatima, these rallies sought to reaffirm the true meaning of Christmas amid widespread cultural secularization observed during this season.
Record-setting 23,090 Rosary Rallies Held Across America
NEWS PROVIDED BY America Needs Fatima Oct. 15, 2025 HANOVER, Penn., Oct. 15, 2025 /Christian Newswire/ — This past weekend, 23,090 individual rosary rallies were held simultaneously across America, from the rocky shores of Maine to the sandy beaches of San Diego, as part of the Public Square Rosary Crusade. Organized through America Needs Fatima, these rallies were held to pray for the conversion of souls, the protection of our country from evil, and for a return to morality in our culture.
[CLE Hybrid Event] Proxy Season 2025 – Developments and Trends - September 11th, New York, NY | JD Supra
This program is also available via webcast. The 2025 proxy season was marked by policy changes, a shifting regulatory landscape, market volatility and other factors. Our presenters will provide an overview of the material developments and trends that emerged during the 2025 proxy season with an outlook what we can expect through the rest of the year. Speakers: Partner, Vinson & Elkins - Francisco J.
Author Correction: High fatigue resistance in a titanium alloy via near-void-free 3D printing - Nature
Correction to: Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07048-1 Published online 28 February 2024 In the version of the article initially published, in Fig. 3b, the units of both axes were originally “(MPa/(kg m–3))” and have now been corrected to “(MPa/(g cm–3))” in the HTML and PDF versions of the article. About this article Qu, Z., Zhang, Z., Liu, R. et al. Author Correction: High fatigue resistance in a titanium alloy via near-void-free 3D printing. Nature (2025).
Formerly Coltrane-Webb Elementary School
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Deformation of collagen-based tissues investigated using a systematic review and meta-analysis of synchrotron x-ray scattering studies
Keywords collagen bone biomechanical phenomena X-ray diffraction small-angle X-ray scattering deformation mechanisms Introduction Type I collagen is the main organic component in a wide range of tissues in the musculoskeletal (bone, tendons, and ligaments), integumentary (skin), and nervous systems (cornea and peripheral nerve sheath).
Nacre-like surface nanolaminates enhance fatigue resistance of pure titanium - Nature Communications
Abstract Fatigue failure is invariably the most crucial failure mode for metallic structural components. Most microstructural strategies for enhancing fatigue resistance are effective in suppressing either crack initiation or propagation, but often do not work for both synergistically. Here, we demonstrate that this challenge can be overcome by architecting a gradient structure featuring a surface layer of nacre-like nanolaminates followed by multi-variant twinned structure in pure titanium.
High fatigue resistance in a titanium alloy via near-void-free 3D printing - Nature
Abstract The advantage of 3D printing—that is, additive manufacturing (AM) of structural materials—has been severely compromised by their disappointing fatigue properties1,2. Commonly, poor fatigue properties appear to result from the presence of microvoids induced by current printing process procedures3,4.
Rejuvenation as the origin of planar defects in the CrCoNi medium entropy alloy - Nature Communications
Abstract High or medium- entropy alloys (HEAs/MEAs) are multi-principal element alloys with equal atomic elemental composition, some of which have shown record-breaking mechanical performance. However, the link between short-range order (SRO) and the exceptional mechanical properties of these alloys has remained elusive.
Phys. Rev. Materials 8, 013608 (2024) - Elucidating the roles of chemistry, compositional complexity, and short-range order in the dislocation energetics of body-centered-cubic concentrated solid solutions
Dislocation-mediated deformation mechanisms in body-centered-cubic solid solutions are expected to be influenced by spatial fluctuations in screw dislocation core energies. In refractory high-entropy alloys, the formation of chemical short-range order has been demonstrated to decrease the heterogeneity of this energy landscape, narrowing the distribution of dislocation core energies.
Delaware Supreme Court Decision Shows Continued Momentum for Caremark Plaintiffs | JD Supra
A recent opinion from the Delaware Supreme Court could be viewed by some as expanding plaintiffs’ ability to viably plead a duty of oversight (or “Caremark”) claim against directors. In Lebanon County Employees’ Retirement Fund v.
Functional composites by programming entropy-driven nanosheet growth - Nature
Abstract Nanomaterials must be systematically designed to be technologically viable1,2,3,4,5. Driven by optimizing intermolecular interactions, current designs are too rigid to plug in new chemical functionalities and cannot mitigate condition differences during integration6,7. Despite extensive optimization of building blocks and treatments, accessing nanostructures with the required feature sizes and chemistries is difficult.
The critical role of corrugated lamellae morphology on the tough mechanical performance of natural Syncerus caffer horn sheath
Highlights • Syncerus caffer horn sheath exhibits 183 MPa tensile strength • Heterogeneous corrugated lamellae in horn sheath leads to significant toughening effects • Uneven disulfide crosslink suggests an evolution of heterogeneous composition Summary Horns from the Bovidae family represent extremely tough natural composites that resist flexural and impact damage during combat.
Extra electron reflections in concentrated alloys do not necessitate short-range order - Nature Materials
In many concentrated alloys of current interest, the observation of diffuse superlattice intensities by transmission electron microscopy has been attributed to chemical short-range order. We briefly review these findings and comment on the plausibility of widespread interpretations, noting the absence of expected peaks, conflicts with theoretical predictions, and the possibility of alternative explanations.
Ultra-strong tungsten refractory high-entropy alloy via stepwise controllable coherent nanoprecipitations - Nature Communications
Abstract High-performance refractory alloys with ultrahigh strength and ductility are in demand for a wide range of critical applications, such as plasma-facing components. However, it remains challenging to increase the strength of these alloys without seriously compromising their tensile ductility. Here, we put forward a strategy to “defeat” this trade-off in tungsten refractory high-entropy alloys by stepwise controllable coherent nanoprecipitations (SCCPs).
One dimensional wormhole corrosion in metals - Nature Communications
Abstract Corrosion is a ubiquitous failure mode of materials. Often, the progression of localized corrosion is accompanied by the evolution of porosity in materials previously reported to be either three-dimensional or two-dimensional. However, using new tools and analysis techniques, we have realized that a more localized form of corrosion, which we call 1D wormhole corrosion, has previously been miscategorized in some situations.
Catenated covalent organic frameworks constructed from polyhedra - Nature Synthesis
Abstract Although the synthetic chemistry leading to interlocking molecular [n]catenanes of organic polyhedra (n = 2–3) and rings (n = 2–130) is established, the analogous chemistry that pertains to infinite three-dimensional systems ([∞]catenane) remains undeveloped. We report a series of [∞]catenane covalent organic frameworks (termed catena-COFs).
American Historical Association 2023
History at UC Press We are pleased to present these titles at a 40% discount for all conference attendees. Enter promo code AHA2023 at checkout. Interested in another title not featured here? This code is good for all History titles for up to two weeks. Overseas Orders and Exam Copy Requests For orders outside the United States and Canada, please contact Customer Service to apply the discount. For exam copies, requests can be made directly on a book's page on our website.
The year in science 2022 Original
It was another bumper year for breakthroughs, records, and firsts for science, in fields ranging from conception to death, with some freak waves and prehistoric fish hearts thrown in for good measure. New Atlas looks back at the year in science for 2022 and selects some of the most interesting stories to grace our pages.
Simple alloy claims crown of toughest material ever recorded
A simple alloy has claimed the crown for toughest material ever recorded. In a new study, a team led by researchers at Berkeley Lab ran the alloy through a series of tests and discovered not only its incredible toughness, but high strength and ductility that actually improve in colder temperatures, unlike most known materials. The alloy in question contains chromium, cobalt and nickel (CrCoNi), and it belongs to a class of metals called high entropy alloys (HEAs).
Antonio Fragelli, a Catholic Who “Ran the Race and Fought the Good Fight”
With deep sadness, the American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family, and Property (TFP) mourns the passing of Antonio Fragelli on December 19, 2021. He will be greatly missed. His Catholic sense was authentic, deep and inspiring. He served the TFPs with generosity and zeal for over forty years. He is survived by his mother, Mrs. Sandra Fragelli, and siblings, Canon Henrique Fragelli, Andrea F. Phillips (Brian), Maria F. Becker (Bruce), Teresa F. Bentivegna (Nicholas), Myriam F.
New book explores our long love affair with the beach: From Nero to nudity
Just in time for a beach read in pandemic-weary America, former UC San Diego history professor Robert C. Ritchie has the perfect tome to tote along with coolers, flippers and sunscreen: “The Lure of the Beach: A Global History.” If you’re into floating beach parties, Over The Line tournaments and other assorted hedonistic mayhem, Ritchie offers Baiae, an ancient Roman resort at the Bay of Naples that catered to emperors and senators every April.
Toughening materials: enhancing resistance to fracture
Abstract It has been said that ‘God invented plasticity, but the Devil invented fracture!’ Both mechanisms represent the two prime modes of structural failure, respectively, plastic collapse and the rupture/breaking of a component, but the concept of developing materials with enhanced resistance to fracture can be difficult.
The Lure of the Beach
Reviews "With insight and wit, Ritchie traces the long and shifting human fascination with beaches, the alluring frontier of land and sea. From Baiae to Brighton and the Riviera to Waikiki, Ritchie illuminates the fancies and fashions of humanity over two thousand years to the current peril of rising ocean levels.
Who Owns the Seaside? On the Rise of Planet Beach
Almost everyone who has spent time at the beach has felt these two emotions: one of languor and the other of shock. They are both responses to the beach that are familiar and desired. They are individual but universal to all beach lovers, and there are many of us. What started out as a modest number of individuals seeking therapeutic relief in the ocean who found it in a small fishing village or on an empty beach has morphed into a staggering phenomenon.
Passer-By Throws $2,000 to Traditional Marriage Crusaders
On Saturday, March 20th, nearly 2,000 groups across America held rosary rallies in honor of St. Joseph and in defense of traditional marriage. To hold a traditional marriage rally requires the courage to oppose the dominant culture of political correctness.
Al Gross for Senate
To the editor: In deciding who to vote for as senator, I looked at Dan Sullivan’s record as a first-term senator. Unfortunately, his absolute partisanship overshadowed his achievements. He has voted in lockstep with Donald Trump and Mitch McConnell, never speaking out against the crippling actions of the Trump administration, undermining our institutions and democracy.
Nacre toughening due to cooperative plastic deformation of stacks of co-oriented aragonite platelets
Abstract Nacre’s structure-property relationships have been a source of inspiration for designing advanced functional materials with both high strength and toughness. These outstanding mechanical properties have been mostly attributed to the interplay between aragonite platelets and organic matrices in the typical brick-and-mortar structure.
Hope and Headaches for Digital Health
Monthly $39/mo BILLED MONTHLY SELECTED Benefits Networking Pass Org Charts Exclusive Coverage Live video Q&A's Daily Briefing Tech Top 10 Mobile App Clutter-free Experience Weekly Podcasts Book Club SELECTED Yearly Most Popular $399/yr 15% SAVINGS SELECTED Benefits Networking Pass Org Charts Exclusive Coverage Live video Q&A's Daily Briefing Tech Top 10 Mobile App Clutter-free Experience Weekly Podcasts Book Club SELECTED All Access $749/yr GUARANTEED ACCESS TO ALL EVENTS SELECTED Benefits...
Short-range order and its impact on the CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy
Abstract Traditional metallic alloys are mixtures of elements in which the atoms of minority species tend to be distributed randomly if they are below their solubility limit, or to form secondary phases if they are above it. The concept of multiple-principal-element alloys has recently expanded this view, as these materials are single-phase solid solutions of generally equiatomic mixtures of metallic elements.
First Coronavirus Stock-Drop Securities Class Action Lawsuits Filed: Are You Prepared For A Resurgence Of These Types of Cases? | JD Supra
Updated: May 25, 2018: JD Supra is a legal publishing service that connects experts and their content with broader audiences of professionals, journalists and associations.
Arapaima Fish Scale: One of the Toughest Flexible Biological Materials
Highlights • Arapaima fish have tough penetration-resistant scales for predator protection • The collagenous substrate is tough via deformation mechanisms acting in concert • Synergetic stretching, rotation, bridging, and sliding mechanisms delocalize damage • Fracture tests indicate the scales are one of nature's toughest flexible materials Progress and Potential Biological materials science involves the study of natural materials to understand their structures and find the origins of the...
‘Return to Order’ Now Available in German
Contact: Robert Ritchie (717) 309-1990 ‘Return to Order’ Now Available in German HANOVER, Penn. (October 11, 2017) – The award-winning book Return to Order has been translated into German.
The Hazard of Hype in Tech Reporting
There’s something about tech media coverage that isn’t sitting well with me right now. It’s actually more of a question I keep coming back to: How do you cover a very hyped industry without hyping it up more? It’s not an easy question to answer. Even writing about something while pointing out its flaws is a little hypey. Take, for instance a nice front page story in The Wall Street Journal about e-commerce hopeful Jet.com that contained plenty of skepticism about the business.
An experience of loss
I am of the age where I realize that not only my death is ever closer, but death has become reality for many whom I love. If I were observing my 60-something self from the eyes of my 20-something self, I am certain I would exclaim, “Stop being so morbid. Lighten up.” By way of explanation and excuse, this week as part of clinical pastoral education, I was asked to write a reflection paper on my experience of loss. This moment was created from that exercise. Once I worshiped bliss.
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