Rodrigo Bentes Kato

1. Introduction Bifidobacterium species are Gram-positive bacteria, non-spore-forming, non-motile, with irregular rod-shaped cells, but sometimes with a Y or V shape [1,2]. Species from this genus are among the first colonizers of the intestinal tract in newborns [3,4]. Specifically, B. breve is the dominant species in the gut of breastfed babies [5]. Probiotics are microorganisms that confer health benefits on the host [6].

Introduction Bacterial genomes are small and compact; on average, 88% of their genomes consist of coding genes.1 Consequently, the ability to regulate gene expression in diverse environments is crucial for stabilizing cell homeostasis and adapting to environmental challenges.2 Computational systems biology uses Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) to understand the mechanisms that coordinate the shifts in gene expression and to represent the transcriptional gene regulation of organisms.