Sebastian Hackl

The data obtained from the screening are recorded manually and subsequently transferred to an electronic case report form (eCRF). The data are subjected to periodic verification for accuracy through random sampling and continuous monitoring. The primary outcome is completed by the patients themselves as part of the initial examination and then verified through a double-entry process before being transferred to the eCRF.

1 INTRODUCTION Pre-specification of research hypotheses and methods are a cornerstone for high quality research.

Results Compared with conventional cyclists, the e-bike group was characterised by older age, body mass index (figure 1A,B), leisure time physical activity, more comorbidities, but less exercise-related physical activity (table 1). Gender distribution, total physical activity and net income (figure 1C) were not different between study groups (for more details, see table 1).