Sedighe Keynia

INTRODUCTION The stomate is a dynamic system at the leaf surface that regulates gas exchange and water relations. Stomatal complexes at their simplest are composed of two guard cells separated at the center of their common boundary by a pore. Guard cells reversibly deform to regulate the size of the stomatal pore in response to environmental stimuli such as changes in light, temperature, humidity, water content, and CO2 levels.

Abstract Stomata are pores at the leaf surface that enable gas exchange and transpiration. The signaling pathways that regulate the differentiation of stomatal guard cells and the mechanisms of stomatal pore formation have been characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the process by which stomatal complexes develop after pore formation into fully mature complexes is poorly understood.

Somerville C. Cellulose synthesis in higher plants. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 2006; 22: 53-78 Fujita M. Himmelspach R. Wasteneys G.O. et al. The anisotropy1 D604N mutation in the Arabidopsis cellulose Synthase1 catalytic domain reduces cell wall crystallinity and the velocity of cellulose. Plant Physiol. 2013; 162: 74-85 Paredez A.R. Somerville C.R. Ehrhardt D. Visualization of cellulose synthase with microtubules. Science. 2006; 312: 1491-1495 Geitmann A.