Shusaku Shibutani

Abstract Janus kinase (JAK) is a tyrosine kinase that binds to cytokine receptors and regulates transcription through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) phosphorylation. Oclacitinib is a JAK1 inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis because it inhibits IL-31 signaling. Recent studies suggest clinical remission in dogs with cutaneous lymphoma treated with oclacitinib; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a master regulator of protein synthesis and potential target for modifying cellular metabolism in various conditions, including cancer and aging. mTORC1 activity is tightly regulated by the availability of extracellular amino acids, and previous studies have revealed that amino acids in the extracellular fluid are transported to the lysosomal lumen.