Takuya Matsubara

1 Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and is characterized by high recurrence rate [1]. Recently, the therapeutic landscape of HCC has significantly evolved, notably with the introduction of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) [2, 3].

Atoms in Rydberg states are an important building block for emerging quantum technologies. While excitation to Rydberg orbitals is typically achieved in more than tens of nanoseconds, the physical limit is in fact much faster, at the ten picoseconds level. Here, we tackle such ultrafast Rydberg excitation of a rubidium atom by designing a dedicated pulsed laser system generating 480 nm pulses of 10 ps duration.