Uttam Babu Shrestha

1 Introduction Climate change is one of the direct drivers of biodiversity loss (IPBES 2019), influencing phenology (Richardson et al. 2018), altering species distributions (Parmesan 2006), and increasing extinction risks (Román-Palacios and Wiens 2020). Mountain regions, which harbor one-third of the world's terrestrial species diversity (Körner 2004) and preserve signatures of long-term eco-evolutionary processes (Rahbek et al.

1 Introduction High altitude rangelands in the Himalaya are extensive natural landscapes characterized by low and erratic precipitation, long cold winters, high irradiance, significant seasonal temperature and precipitation fluctuations, and vegetation dominated by native grasses, forbs, shrubs, and scattered trees (Nautiyal et al. 2001; Dong et al. 2009; Ning et al. 2013).

Pant et al., 2017 Pant B. Rai R.K. Wallrapp C. Ghate R. Shrestha U.B. Ram A. Horizontal integration of multiple institutions: solution for yarsagumba related conflicts in the himalayan region of Nepal?. Int. J. Commons. 11: 464-486 ; Poudel, 2020 Poudel S. Examining Caterpillar Fungus (Ophiocordyceps Sinensis) Harvesting and Management Practice at Pupal Pasture of Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal', Masters. The University of Western Australia, ).