Waqas Akram

A representative image of the PTI flag.—PPI/File The article, ‘Demystifying the PTI’ (March 29) by Ahsan Iqbal attempts to intellectualise what is, at its core, a defence of a discredited status quo. It borrows the language of sociology and structural change yet arrives at conclusions that are politically convenient and analytically weak.

Background: Heat stress is a critical constraint to cattle productivity, health, and reproductive efficiency in tropical and subtropical regions, with severity increasing under climate change. Indigenous Bos indicus cattle display superior thermotolerance compared with high-producing Bos taurus breeds, yet the genomic basis of this adaptation remains incompletely resolved.

Networking is the backbone of cybersecurity — understanding how devices connect and communicate helps you identify vulnerabilities and thwart attacks. This guide simplifies networking for beginners, tailored for CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker) aspirants and enthusiasts. We’ll cover fundamentals, protocols, devices, attacks, best practices, troubleshooting, and hands-on exercises.