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Abstract Cell proliferation generally promotes differentiation, whereas proliferative quiescence maintains stem cell identity—a paradigm well-established in adult mammalian stem cells. Here we report that in Arabidopsis bud precursor cells, meristematic cell fate maintenance depends on active cell-cycle progression. We identify two opposing mechanisms that balance trimethylated histone H3 Lys27 levels to regulate transcription of the shoot meristem marker gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM).
Highlights • A self-activation loop maintains meristematic cells in the leaf axil • ATH1 is required for axillary meristem initiation • ATH1-STM heterodimer binds the STM locus to maintain its expression • Expression allows a permissive epigenetic environment at the STM locus Summary In plants and animals, self-renewing stem cell populations play fundamental roles in many developmental contexts.
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