Yevgen Barsukov

1 Introduction In today's pursuit of cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions, Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries play an integral part in enabling widespread electrification.[1] Their popularity stems from key attributes such as high energy density, extended cycle life, and minimal self-discharge rates, making them pivotal to meet the rapidly growing demands for energy storage.[2] However, continuous research efforts are still required to optimize the performance of Li-ion batteries while...

Highlights • In situ visualization method reveals graphite phase transitions after fast charge • Voltage plateau signal strength quantified by newly defined metric, “S-factor” • S-factor intensity is correlated with extent of reversible lithium plating • Operational regimes with highly reversible lithium plating identified Summary Safe and reliable fast charging of lithium-ion batteries is contingent upon the development of facile methods of detection and quantification of lithium plating.

Highlights • Quantifying lithium plating holds the key to fast charging of EVs • More plating is observed with increasing anode impedance at temperature extremes • Plating energies greater than 1 Wh are associated with cell failure • Highly irreversible plating is observed at cells with >1 Wh plating energy Summary Lithium plating is an anode-centric degradation process occurring in lithium-ion batteries resulting in irreversible capacity loss and cell failure.