Yinghao Wu

Conflicts of Interest The author declares no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. References 1, , , et al., “A Mass Spectrometric-Derived Cell Surface Protein Atlas,” PLOS ONE 10, no. 4 (2015): e0121314.

1 Introduction Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting hundreds of millions globally, is frequently complicated by diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) [1, 2]. These recalcitrant wounds represent a profound clinical challenge due to their high rates of non-healing, disability, and mortality, severely compromising patient quality of life [3, 4]. A key pathological feature of diabetic wounds is the dysregulated immune microenvironment.