Yingshu Li

1 Introduction Over the past few decades, versatile reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based therapeutic modalities, including photodynamic (PDT), sonodynamic (SDT), and chemodynamic (CDT) therapies, have been extensively used for cancer therapy [1, 2]. Among these, SDT shows great promise as a non-invasive modality for ablating deep-seated tumors, as it uses deeply penetrating ultrasound (US) (up to 10 cm) to activate sonosensitizers and generate cytotoxic ROS [3, 4].

1 Introduction The CACNA1F gene (MIM:*300100), consisting of 48 exons, is located on chromosome Xp11.23 (Bech-Hansen et al. 1998; Strom et al. 1998), and encodes the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel Cav1.4 that is mainly expressed in retinal photoreceptors (McRory et al. 2004). The canonical full-length Cav1.4 comprises 1977 amino acid residues (Boycott et al.