Yousef Saad Aldabayan

1. Introduction Food can be defined as anything that offers nutritional value to any organism. The food may either be produced by plants or animals; it covers the essential nutrients that include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamins [1].

Introduction Chronic hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes mellitus, is associated with potential damage to various organ systems. Type 2 diabetes, driven by insulin resistance or deficiency, constitutes the majority of cases, showcasing a dramatic increase over the past three decades across all income-level countries. Its rise highlights a significant global health challenge. Conversely, type 1 diabetes, characterized by absolute insulin deficiency, typically presents earlier in life.