Zeyin Chen

Abstract Extreme temperature variability (ETV) is a key dimension of climate risk for billions of residents. However, how urbanization shapes global ETV divergence remains unclear. Here, we assemble a 1950–2020 panel of 10,522 cities and demonstrate that ETV trajectories diverge by development status as measured by the human development index (HDI). ETV intensifies in high-development cities, whereas it slowly weakens in low-development cities, resulting in a current gap of roughly 1.66 °C.

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