A. J. Levin

4. Discussion This study quantifies the cost of introducing and delivering the malaria vaccine through national immunization programs using retrospective data on resource use observed during the MVIP. One of the strengths of this approach is that it captures the actual resource used in the pilot implementation countries. In a few instances where the allocation of expenditures by specific sub-activities was unavailable, it was approximated using budgets.

Non-Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) are used for prevention of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Guidelines recommend dose adjustment based on kidney function.The most common estimates of kidney function employed in clinical practice are derived from glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), however, product monographs recommend the use of the Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance equation (eCrCl) for dose adjustment.

To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription. Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia seen in clinical practice and a common cause of stroke. Oral anticoagulation reduces the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with AF, however is associated with increased risk of bleeding. AF is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis for end stage renal disease (ESRD).