Andrew Ewing
Sweden
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Articles by Andrew Ewing
Author Correction: Current status and future perspectives on the mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of long COVID
Correction to: Communications Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01300-z. published online 29 April 2026 In the version of this article, Micheal Natt (Lived Experience Expert, Coventry, UK; Northwest Lung Centre, Manchester University Hospitals, Manchester, UK) was listed with a third, incorrect affiliation.
Current status and future perspectives on the mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of long COVID
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Abstract Viral and infectious illnesses can exert profound and enduring effects on population health and well-being. In the aftermath of SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-acute sequelae, collectively referred to as Long COVID, have emerged as a major global health challenge, affecting more than 400 million people and contributing to estimated annual economic costs exceeding $1 trillion.
By Mark A. Faghy, Rob Wüst, Daniel M. Altmann, Ruth EM Ashton, Sarah McMullen, Andrew Ewing, Elke Hausmann, Sanjay Gupta, Mady Hornig, David Joffe, Binita Kane, M. Asad Khan, Rebecca Owen, David Putrino, Lindsay Skipper, Claire Taylor, Callum Thomas, David Tuller, Danielle Beckman, Arneaux Kruger, Etheresia Pretorius, Rae Duncan, Micheal Natt
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Nature
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The Long-Term Immune Effects of COVID — A Warning We’ve Seen Before. - WHN
WHN Science Communications Cite By Spela Salamon, Andrew G. Ewing, Yaneer Bar-Yam, Deborah Lupton, Resia Pretorius, Arneaux Kruger World Health Network, New England Complex Systems Institute, Cambridge, MA When COVID-19 first emerged, we focused on the acute illness — the cough, the fever, the weeks at home or in the hospital — and the many deaths. But nearly six years in, the greatest danger for most people may not lie in the initial acute infection.
Spectroelectrochemistry and light active process at nanointerface: general discussion
Article type Discussion First published 27 Jan 2025 Faraday Discuss., 2025, Advance Article Z. Ding, A. G. Ewing, K. X. Fu, C. M. Hill, K. Hiramoto, F. Kanoufi, J. J. Kasianowicz, C. Kranz, C. Kuttner, S. Lang, F. Li, L. Liu, J. Lu, A. R. Mount, H. Ren, Y. Shao, M. Shen, Y. Takahashi, W. Wang, F. Xia, G. Zhang, Z. Zhao and Y. Zhou, Faraday Discuss., 2025, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D4FD90070G To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.
New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry: concluding remarks
New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry: concluding remarks The aim of this paper is to overview the meeting on New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry held at Nanjing University in China in October 2024 and to give some perspective to the work presented.
New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry: concluding remarks
New horizons in nanoelectrochemistry: concluding remarks The aim of this paper is to overview the meeting on New Horizons in Nanoelectrochemistry held at Nanjing University in China in October 2024 and to give some perspective to the work presented.
High-Throughput Optimisation for 3D Raman Chemical Imaging of Pharmaceutical Solid Oral Dosage Forms
High-Throughput Optimisation for 3D Raman Chemical Imaging of Pharmaceutical Solid Oral Dosage Forms Chemical imaging of pharmaceutical solid oral dosage forms is a key technique for quality assurance and issue diagnosis. This technique can be further enhanced using 3D chemical imaging via serial sections and image stacking. However, the additional collection time this entails means that 3D imaging is utilised for a very niche set of applications.
Subsets of Nanometer Vesicles in the Fly Release Differential Fractions of Vesicular Serotonin Content during Exocytosis
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter that plays significant roles in the central nervous system (CNS) in the brain. In addition, a large amount of serotonin is present in the gastrointestinal tract, to regulate intestinal functions, and in the blood platelets, to regulate vascular tone and platelet aggregation.1 In the CNS, serotonergic neurons produce serotonin from tryptophan.
Review of organ damage from COVID and Long COVID: a disease with a spectrum of pathology
Open Access From the journal Medical Review Keywords: COVID-19; Long COVID syndrome; asymptomatic organ damage; reduced functional capacity It is estimated that 10 %–30 % of people who contract COVID-19 experience symptoms that last beyond the initial illness, depending largely on the definition used [1], [2], [3]. Organ damage might affect over 50 % of post-COVID-19 individuals [4], [5], [6] and perhaps more in adolescents and children [7].
Spectrum of COVID-19: From Asymptomatic Organ Damage to Long COVID Syndrome
WHN Science Communications Cite Introduction Symptomatic Long COVID affects 10-30% of the COVID-19-infected population depending on what symptoms are measured. (1-3) Organ damage might affect over 50% of post-COVID-19 individuals (4-6) and perhaps more in adolescents and children. (7) As COVID-19 continues to transmit across the world, the consequences of the pandemic are becoming clearer.
Amperometry and Electron Microscopy show Stress Granules Induce Homotypic Fusion of Catecholamine Vesicles
Cell-to-cell communication in neurons and neuroendocrine cells is mainly achieved by exocytosis which involves vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release.1 Large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs) with diameter about 100–300 nm, are responsible for exocytosis of neuropeptides and other hormones, and they show disparate halo and dense-core structures for some vesicles in fixed samples using the TEM.2 Peripheral neuroendocrine cells, especially the sympathetic neuroendocrine adrenal chromaffin cells,...
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: From Crisis to Solution
WHN Science Communications Author Affiliations: World Health Network Corresponding author: Spela, Salamon, salamon.spela.md@gmail.com The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic persists, causing significant harm. Extensive evidence indicates that even mild infections and reinfections can result in symptomatic and subclinical health damage, disability, and persistent infection.
Towards a culture of mask-wearing
WHN Science Communications Cite In mid-XIXth century Vienna, Ignaz Semmelweis found that washing hands in obstetrical clinics drastically reduced mortality, and lost his life in the struggle to make doctors wash their hands. His contemporaries ignored his findings, and only decades later, when the germ theory of disease was accepted, doctors began washing their hands regularly. How many people lost their lives as a result?
Towards a Culture of Mask-wearing
WHN Science Communications Publication date: 26 June, 2023 Submission date: 26 June, 2023 Cite In mid-XIXth century Vienna, Ignaz Semmelweis found that washing hands in obstetrical clinics drastically reduced mortality, and lost his life in the struggle to make doctors wash their hands. His contemporaries ignored his findings, and only decades later, when the germ theory of disease was accepted, doctors began washing their hands regularly. How many people lost their lives as a result?
The Case for Keeping Masks Mandatory in Health Care
WHN Science Communications Publication date: 23 May, 2023 Submission date: 23 May, 2023 Cite It’s been said that a smile is worth a thousand words. But in today’s world, the smiles of healthcare workers abandoning their masks on social media are chilling to those whose access to safe healthcare is thus denied. The removal of mask requirements in many healthcare institutions is causing infections with immediate and long term consequences due to the continued presence of the virus.
Quantitative Nanoscale Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (NanoSIMS) Imaging of Individual Vesicles to Investigate the Relation between Fraction of Chemical Release and Vesicle Size
Graphical Abstract Correlative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) imaging were used to measure vesicle size and vesicular isotopic dopamine content in cellular vesicles. Measurements before and after stimulated exocytotic release show the fraction of chemical release is independent of vesicle size.
Keep Up the Fight: WHO's Emergency Phase End Doesn't Mean the Threat is Gone
WHN Science Communications Publication date: 12 May, 2023 Submission date: 12 May, 2023 Cite The World Health Network (WHN) is urging governments not to let their guard down and to continue to protect everyone, especially vulnerable populations, with COVID mitigation strategies.
Keep Up the Fight: WHO's Emergency Phase End Doesn't Mean the Threat is Gone
WHN Science Communications Publication date: 12 May, 2023 Submission date: 12 May, 2023 Cite The World Health Network (WHN) is urging governments not to let their guard down and to continue to protect everyone, especially vulnerable populations, with COVID mitigation strategies.
COVID-19 and Immune Dysregulation, a Summary and Resource
WHN Science Communications Cite Highlights 1- COVID-19 causes turnover and aging of the immune cells responsible for responding to other pathogens. These cells have limitations in their proliferative capacity (ability to reproduce) and this gets used up when it is employed to generate cells for combating disease. 2- COVID-19 broadly activates these cells, so they have turnover – reproduce. 3- COVID-19 broadly activates these cells and thus ages them.
COVID Effects on the Brain, a Summary and Resource
WHN Science Communications Cite Many studies have now provided strong evidence that the SARS2 virus can enter the brain during infection and cause damage to its function, including loss of both gray and white matter – impacting both the nerve cells and the support cells. In a sense, COVID literally ‘eats’ parts of your brain. It might enter via damaged blood-brain barrier damage as SARS2 damages endothelial cells or it might enter via a nasal nanotube mechanism.
Direct Acquisition of the Gap Height of Biological Tissue‐Electronic Chemical Sensor Interfaces
Abstract A pair of nanopores was integrated at the electrochemical sensor plane and used to measuring the ion conductance between them providing a versatile strategy to directly determine the gap height during exocytotic release from tissues. Direct cooperative measurement of the gap height and exocytotic release at the same sensor can be used to address the long-term question of the influence of diffusional filtering on the exocytotic spike.
Anionic Species Regulate Chemical Storage in Nanometer Vesicles and Amperometrically Detected Exocytotic Dynamics
The Hofmeister series is the earliest specific ion effect, known for more than a century. (1) It can be divided into anionic and cationic series and ordered by their ability to precipitate proteins from solution: CO32– > SO42– > H2PO4– > F– > Cl– > Br– > NO3– > ClO4– > SCN–, and NH4+ > Cs+ > K+ > Na+ > Li+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Zn2+.
Simultaneous Counting of Molecules in the Halo and Dense‐Core of Nanovesicles by Regulating Dynamics of Vesicle Opening
Abstract Doublet spikes induced by chaotropes (SCN−) are recorded from chromaffin vesicles opening during vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (VIEC). The 1st and 2nd peaks correspond to the oxidization of molecules from the halo and dense-core, respectively, allowing a molecular count to be obtained independently in these two nanoscopic compartments.
Concentration of stimulant regulates initial exocytotic molecular plasticity at single cells
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Global tipping points: Climate change and the coronavirus
Emil J. Bergholtz is a professor of theoretical physics at Stockholm University. Nele Brusselaers is an associate professor of clinical epidemiology at Karolinska Institute. Andrew G. Ewing is a professor of chemistry and molecular biology at the University of Gothenburg and a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science.
Quantifying Intracellular Single Vesicular Catecholamine Concentration with Open Carbon Nanopipettes to Unveil the Effect of L‐DOPA on Vesicular Structure
Abstract Single vesicular catecholamine concentrations in the intracellular environment were calculated based on the narrowed distributions of vesicular content and size obtained with 100 nm open CNPs. We have shown that vesicular dense core size and content increase while catecholamine concentrations are essentially unchanged after exposure to L-DOPA.
Pandemic 2.0 - Where do we go from here? The Delta variant and the young.
With the Delta variant becoming dominant globally, we need to change how we think about the properties and destructive potential of new virus variants. We need good policy decisions to ensure sufficient protection of our unprotected young, for health and for the economy. First published in August 2021. Throughout the pandemic, the daily number of infections, hospitalizations, and deaths from the coronavirus have been used by decision-makers to assess the purported risk related to the pandemic.
Nano‐analysis Reveals High Fraction of Serotonin Release during Exocytosis from a Gut Epithelium Model Cell
Abstract Electrochemical methods were used to explore the exocytotic nature of serotonin (5-HT) release in human carcinoid BON cells, an in vitro human enterochromaffin cell model, to understand the mechanisms operating the release of gut-derived 5-HT in the intestinal mucosal epithelium. We show that the fractional vesicular 5-HT release in BON cells is 80 % compared to previous work in pancreatic beta cells (34 %).
Mass Spectrometry Imaging Shows Modafinil, A Student Study Drug, Changes the Lipid Composition of the Fly Brain
Abstract Modafinil, a widely used psychoactive drug, has been shown to exert a positive impact on cognition and is used to treat sleep disorders and hyperactivity. Using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometric imaging, we studied the changes of brain lipids of Drosophila melanogaster induced by modafinil to gain insight into the functional mechanism of modafinil in the brain.
Electrochemical Measurements Reveal Reactive Oxygen Species in Stress Granules**
Abstract Stress granules (SGs) are membrane-less organelles that assemble in the cytoplasm to organize cellular contents and promote rapid adaptation during stress. To understand how SGs contribute to physiological functions, we used electrochemical measurements to detect electroactive species in SGs. With amperometry, we discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are encapsulated inside arsenite-induced SGs, and H2O2 is the main species.
Simultaneous detection of vesicular content and exocytotic release with two electrodes in and at a single cell
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TIME: The Swedish Approach to COVID-19 is a “Disaster”
In a story in TIME magazine, two Swedish writers declare that Sweden’s approach to the Coronovirus has been a disaster. The authors are KELLY BJORKLUND AND ANDREW EWING. Kelly Bjorklund is a writer and human rights activist who has worked on public policy and advocacy with elected officials, civil society and media for two decades. Andrew Ewing is a professor of molecular biology and chemistry at the University of Gothenburg and a member of the Swedish Academy of Sciences.
The Swedish COVID-19 Response Is a Disaster. It Shouldn’t Be a Model for the Rest of the World
A man wearing a protective mask walks next to travelers as they queue up to board a boat in Stockholm on July 27, 2020. Jonathan Nackstrand—AFP/Getty Images By Kelly Bjorklund and Andrew Ewing – Time.com Kelly Bjorklund is a writer and human rights activist who has worked on public policy and advocacy with elected officials, civil society and media for two decades.
The Swedish COVID-19 Response Is a Disaster. It Shouldn’t Be A Model for the Rest of the World Original
The Swedish COVID-19 experiment of not implementing early and strong measures to safeguard the population has been hotly debated around the world, but at this point we can predict it is almost certain to result in a net failure in terms of death and suffering. As of Oct. 13, Sweden’s per capita death rate is 58.4 per 100,000 people, according to Johns Hopkins University data, 12th highest in the world (not including tiny Andorra and San Marino).
Intracellular injection of phospholipids directly alters exocytosis and the fraction of chemical release in chromaffin cells as measured by nano-electrochemistry
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COVID-19-a very visible pandemic
Johan Giesecke's many claims lead to two concepts. First, that lockdowns were bad, with the Swedish way being the best approach to the pandemic; and second, that everyone in the world would get COVID-19 in a thinly veiled argument that herd immunity was the only way that the virus would be controlled. During April and May, 2020, Giesecke became somewhat of a celebrity in the UK and elsewhere, giving interviews that promoted these arguments.
Counteranions in the Stimulation Solution Alter the Dynamics of Exocytosis Consistent with the Hofmeister Series
We show that the Hofmeister series of ions can be used to explain the cellular changes in exocytosis observed by single-cell amperometry for different counteranions. The formation, expansion, and closing of the membrane fusion pore during exocytosis was found to be strongly dependent on the counteranion species in solution.
Simultaneous Quantification of Vesicle Size and Catecholamine Content by Resistive Pulses in Nanopores and Vesicle Impact Electrochemical Cytometry
Download Hi-Res ImageDownload to MS-PowerPointCite This:J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, XXXX, XXX RETURN TO ARTICLES ASAPPREVCommunicationNEXT Xin-Wei Zhang Xin-Wei Zhang Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden Amir Hatamie Amir Hatamie Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden Andrew G.
Plasticity in exocytosis revealed through the effects of repetitive stimuli affect the content of nanometer vesicles and the fraction of transmitter released
Elephants can use their sense of smell to pick the greater of two quantities of food, a study finds.
Electrochemistry in and of the Fly Brain
Studying brain function and neuronal communication has been always crucial due to the complexity of these systems. A great deal of technology and model systems have been developed to study this subject. Yet, very small invertebrate systems such as the fruit fly, Drosophila are excellent models and often have better defined and more easily manipulated genetics.
Electrochemical Quantification of Transmitter Concentration in Single Nanoscale Vesicles Isolated from PC12 Cells
We use an electrochemical platform, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and differential centrifugation of single catecholamine vesicles to study the properties of nanometer transmitter vesicles, including the number of molecules, size, and catecholamine concentration inside. Vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (VIEC) was used to quantify the catecholamine content of single vesicles in different batches isolated from pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells with different ultracentrifugation speeds.
Infrared spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging in forensic science
Infrared spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging, are robust, label free and inherently non-destructive methods with a high chemical specificity and sensitivity that are frequently employed in forensic science research and practices. This review aims to discuss the applications and recent developments of these methodologies in this field.
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