Baiying Li

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Additional Supporting Information may be found online in the supporting information tab for this article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jipb.13970/suppinfo Filename Description jipb13970-sup-0001-jipb_2025_0308_File001.pdf796.7 KB Figure S1. Complementation of SOS1pro:SOS1-GFP in sos1-1 Mutant under salt stress Figure S2. Subcellular Localization of GFP-SOS1-LL Figure S3.

Traditional electron microscopy (EM) has long been a cornerstone for high-resolution 2D imaging, but a significant drawback is the lack of 3D information in the images. Electron tomography (ET) techniques address this limitation by reconstructing the entire volume of sections (200–300 nm) through sequential image stacking.

In planar cell polarity (PCP), the epithelial cells are polarized along the plane of the cell surface perpendicular to the classical apical–basal axis, a process mediated by several conserved signaling receptors. Two PCP-signaling proteins, VANGL planar cell polarity protein 2 (Vangl2) and Frizzled6 (Fzd6), are located asymmetrically on opposite boundaries of the cell.