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Articles by Behavioral Sciences
Use of Opioid Agonist Therapy for Medicare Patients in 2013
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
JAMA Neurology | Use of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseDiffusion-Weighted MRI in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseLetters
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Association of Traumatic Brain Injury With Late-Life Neurodegenerative Conditions and Neuropathologic Findings
Importance The late effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are of great interest, but studies characterizing these effects are limited. Objective To determine whether TBI with loss of consciousness (LOC) is associated with an increased risk for clinical and neuropathologic findings of Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and other dementias.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breastfeeding
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breastfeeding Chelsea O. McKinney, Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook, P. Lindsay Chase-Lansdale, Sharon L. Ramey, Julie Krohn, Maxine Reed-Vance, Tonse N.K. Raju, Madeleine U. Shalowitz, on behalf of the Community Child Health Research Network Pediatrics Jul 2016, e20152388; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-2388
Improved Behavior and Neuropsychological Function in Children With ROHHAD After High-Dose Cyclophosphamide
Improved Behavior and Neuropsychological Function in Children With ROHHAD After High-Dose Cyclophosphamide Lisa A. Jacobson, Shruti Rane, Lisa J. McReynolds, Diana A. Steppan, Allen R. Chen, Ido Paz-Priel Pediatrics Jul 2016, 138 (1) e20151080; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-1080
Treatment Options for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Association Between Religious Service Attendance and Lower Suicide Rates Among US Women
Importance Previous studies have linked suicide risk with religious participation, but the majority have used ecologic, cross-sectional, or case-control data. Objective To examine the longitudinal association between religious service attendance and suicide and the joint associations of suicide with service attendance and religious affiliation.
Association of Religious Involvement and Suicide
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Effect of a Primary Care Management Intervention on Mental Health-Related Quality of Life Among Survivors of Sepsis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance Survivors of sepsis face long-term sequelae that diminish health-related quality of life and result in increased care needs in the primary care setting, such as medication, physiotherapy, or mental health care. Objective To examine if a primary care–based intervention improves mental health–related quality of life.
Behavioral Phenotyping of Juvenile Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley Rats: Implications for Preclinical Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Citation: Ku KM, Weir RK, Silverman JL, Berman RF, Bauman MD (2016) Behavioral Phenotyping of Juvenile Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley Rats: Implications for Preclinical Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders. PLoS ONE 11(6): e0158150. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158150 Copyright: © 2016 Ku et al.
Genetic Isolation of Hypothalamic Neurons that Regulate Context-Specific Male Social Behavior
Our data identify a unique population of neurons in the mouse hypothalamus that regulate intruder-specific male behavior. Numerous studies have identified the hypothalamus as a key regulator of socially motivated behavior (Swanson, 2000xCerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior. Swanson, L.W. Brain Res.
Dysregulation of Prefrontal Cortex-Mediated Slow-Evolving Limbic Dynamics Drives Stress-Induced Emotional Pathology
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Psychosocial Aspects of Obesity
Psychosocial Aspects of Obesity Amy R.
Happiness, health, and mortality
The paradox that some nations with low life expectancy have happy citizens, whereas residents of countries with excellent longevity can appear miserable is well known.1x1Veenhoven, R. The cross-cultural pattern of happiness: test of predictions implied in three theories of happiness. Soc Indic Res. ; 34: 33–68 CrossRef | Scopus (159)See all References1 Although the paper by Bette Liu and colleagues2x2Liu, B, Floud, S, Pirie, K..., and for the Million Women Study Collaborators.
Evaluation of SMS reminder messages for altering treatment adherence and health seeking perceptions among malaria care-seekers in Nigeria
In Nigeria, access to malaria diagnostics may be expanded if drug retailers were allowed to administer malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). A 2012 pilot intervention showed that short message service (SMS) reminder messages could boost treatment adherence to RDT results by 10–14% points.
Functional Characterization of Schizophrenia-Associated Variation in CACNA1C
Citation: Eckart N, Song Q, Yang R, Wang R, Zhu H, McCallion AS, et al. (2016) Functional Characterization of Schizophrenia-Associated Variation in CACNA1C. PLoS ONE 11(6): e0157086. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157086 Copyright: © 2016 Eckart et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Gun Violence, Mental Illness, And Laws That Prohibit Gun Possession: Evidence From Two Florida Counties
Gun violence kills about ninety people every day in the United States, a toll measured in wasted and ruined lives and with an annual economic price tag exceeding $200 billion. Some policy makers suggest that reforming mental health care systems and improving point-of-purchase background checks to keep guns from mentally disturbed people will address the problem.
Priorities for Improving Hearing Health Care for Adults: A Report From the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Corresponding Author: Frank R. Lin, MD, PhD, Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, 2024 E Monument St, Ste 2-700, Baltimore, MD 21205 (flin1@jhmi.edu). Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest.
Selection of cognitive tests for trials of therapeutic agents - Authors' reply
We read with interest the Correspondence from John Harrison and colleagues. We agree with the need for caution in generalising study conclusions. Indeed, the conclusions in our Article1x1Shilyansky, C, Williams, LM, Gyurak, A, Harris, A, Usherwood, T, and Etkin, A. Effect of antidepressant treatment on cognitive impairments associated with depression: a randomised longitudinal study. Lancet Psychiatry. ; ( )http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(16)00012-2.
Exome Sequencing of Familial Bipolar Disorder
Importance Complex disorders, such as bipolar disorder (BD), likely result from the influence of both common and rare susceptibility alleles. While common variation has been widely studied, rare variant discovery has only recently become feasible with next-generation sequencing.
Empirical Studies About Attendance at Religious Services and Health
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Why It’s Important to Continue Universal Autism Screening While Research Fully Examines Its Impact
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Associations Between Cannabis Use and Physical Health Problems in Early Midlife: A Longitudinal Comparison of Persistent Cannabis vs Tobacco Users
Importance After major policy changes in the United States, policymakers, health care professionals, and the general public seek information about whether recreational cannabis use is associated with physical health problems later in life. Objective To test associations between cannabis use over 20 years and a variety of physical health indexes at early midlife.
Scratching the Surface of Suicide in Head and Neck Cancer
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Mental health surveillance after the terrorist attacks in Paris
The terror events in Paris in November, 2015, and elsewhere remind us of the substantial consequences that violent events can have for a population's mental health.1x1Goldmann, E and Galea, S. Mental health consequences of disasters. Annu Rev Public Health. ; 35: 169–183 CrossRef | PubMed | Scopus (18)See all References1 Although effective approaches exist for treating these consequences,1x1Goldmann, E and Galea, S. Mental health consequences of disasters. Annu Rev Public Health.
JAMA Network | JAMA Ophthalmology | Association Between Occlusion Therapy and Optotype Visual Acuity in Children Using Data From the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance Patching has been a mainstay in treating unilateral congenital cataract. However, its efficacy has not been rigorously assessed. Objective To examine the association between patching and visual acuity in a cohort of children treated for unilateral congenital cataract.
The Genetics of Success
A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) of more than 100,000 individuals identified molecular-genetic predictors of educational attainment. We undertook in-depth life-course investigation of the polygenic score derived from this GWAS using the four-decade Dunedin Study (N = 918). There were five main findings. First, polygenic scores predicted adult economic outcomes even after accounting for educational attainments.
“I Use Weed for My ADHD”: A Qualitative Analysis of Online Forum Discussions on Cannabis Use and ADHD
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a risk factor for problematic cannabis use. However, clinical and anecdotal evidence suggest an increasingly popular perception that cannabis is therapeutic for ADHD, including via online resources.
Robust Machine Learning-Based Correction on Automatic Segmentation of the Cerebellum and Brainstem
Automated segmentation is a useful method for studying large brain structures such as the cerebellum and brainstem. However, automated segmentation may lead to inaccuracy and/or undesirable boundary. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether SegAdapter, a machine learning-based method, is useful for automatically correcting large segmentation errors and disagreement in anatomical definition.
Psychiatric Comorbidity, Suicidality, and In-Home Firearm Access Among a Nationally Representative Sample of Adolescents
Importance Suicide is the second leading cause of death among US adolescents, and in-home firearm access is an independent risk factor for suicide. Given recommendations to limit firearm access by those with mental health risk factors for suicide, we hypothesized that adolescents with such risk factors would be less likely to report in-home firearm access.
Predictors of psychiatric readmission among patients with bipolar disorder at an academic safety-net hospital
Objective: Even with treatment, approximately one-third of patients with bipolar disorder relapse into depression or mania within 1 year. Unfavorable clinical outcomes for patients with bipolar disorder include increased rates of psychiatric hospitalization and functional impairment. However, only a few studies have examined predictors of psychiatric hospital readmission in a sample of patients with bipolar disorder.
Quantitative Social Media Audiences Research: Anonymity, Gatekeeping, and Mobilization - @SMLabTO Research Talk
Please join us on Friday, May 20, 2016 at 3 pm at the Ryerson Social Media Lab for a talk entitled "Quantitative Social Media Audiences Research: Anonymity, Gatekeeping, and Mobilization" by Kyounghee "Hazel" Kwon, Assistant Professor of Social & Behavioral Sciences, an in-coming faculty member at the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Arizona State University and a 2016 Visiting Scholar at the Ryerson Social Media Lab.
Can Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Onset Occur in Adulthood?
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Firearm Access and Risk of Suicide-Reply
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Neuropathologic Associations of Learning and Memory in Primary Progressive Aphasia
Importance The dementia syndrome of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) can be caused by 1 of several neuropathologic entities, including forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) or Alzheimer disease (AD). Although episodic memory is initially spared in this syndrome, the subtle learning and memory features of PPA and their neuropathologic associations have not been characterized.
Association of Religious Service Attendance With Mortality Among Women
Importance Studies on the association between attendance at religious services and mortality often have been limited by inadequate methods for reverse causation, inability to assess effects over time, and limited information on mediators and cause-specific mortality. Objective To evaluate associations between attendance at religious services and subsequent mortality in women.
How anthropological theory and methods can advance global mental health
The Lancet's Manifesto We at believe it is our moral imperative to empower research and to grow the social impact of science. Improving lives is the only end goal that matters, and research is only relevant when it has impact on human lives. We therefore select only the best research papers, based on their quality of work and the progression they bring: the best science for better lives. Find out more about The Lancet's vision
Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Transition and Transfer
Little is known about the needs of adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with regard to transition, and how well those needs align with guidelines put forth by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). This study examines perspectives on transition among young IBD patients and their caregivers. Surveys were mailed to 370 adolescent IBD patients, aged 12 years and older, and their caregivers.
Removal of gender incongruence of childhood diagnostic category: a human rights perspective - Authors' reply
Mental health professionals are repeatedly faced with the dilemma of choosing between stigma of a mental disorder diagnosis and being denied access to care for lack of diagnosis,1x1Drescher, J, Cohen-Kettenis, PT, and Winter, S. Minding the body: situating gender diagnoses in the ICD-11. Int Rev Psychiatry. ; 24: 568–577 CrossRef | PubMed | Scopus (54)See all References1 so we appreciate the points raised by Sam Winter and colleagues and Mauro Cabral and colleagues.
Are alcoholism treatments effective? The Project MATCH data
The results suggest that treatment was not particularly effective. The following lines of evidence point to this conclusion. Correlations between treatment attendance and outcome were very small (as shown in Table 2). A median 3% of the variance in outcome might be attributed to treatment. The correlations existed before most treatment occurred, at week 1 (Table 3).
Deep Brain Stimulation for Depression: Keeping an Eye on a Moving Target
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Targeting Neural Circuits
Optogenetic methodology enables direct targeting of specific neural circuit elements for inhibition or excitation while spanning timescales from the acute (milliseconds) to the chronic (many days or more).
Precision psychiatry: a neural circuit taxonomy for depression and anxiety
To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription. Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. FiguresFigure 1Large-scale intrinsic and task-evoked circuits identified in published workaMPFC=anterior medial prefrontal cortex. AG=angular gyrus. PCC=posterior cingulate cortex (includes precuneus). dACC=dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. aI=anterior insula. TP=temporal pole. SLEA=sublenticular extended amygdala.
Toward a More Inclusive STEM Workplace
The broad participation of women from all backgrounds in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields cannot happen until institutions are transformed, according to a new Policy Perspectives article co-authored by University of Arizona professor Beth Mitchneck and published in Science. Mitchneck, a professor in the UA Department of Geography and Development, is lead author on "A Recipe for Change: Creating a More Inclusive Academy," published on Friday.
Novel psychopharmacological therapies for psychiatric disorders: psilocybin and MDMA
To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription. Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. Summary4-phosphorloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocybin) and methylenedioxymethamfetamine (MDMA), best known for their illegal use as psychedelic drugs, are showing promise as therapeutics in a resurgence of clinical research during the past 10 years. Psilocybin is being tested for alcoholism, smoking cessation, and in patients with advanced cancer with anxiety.
Stakeholder learning for health sector reform in Lao PDR
Development organizations and academic institutions have expressed the need for increased research to guide the development and implementation of policies to strengthen health systems in low- and middle-income countries.
Which Triple Aim related measures are being used to evaluate population management initiatives? An international comparative analysis
To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription . Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. Population management (PM) initiatives are introduced in order to create sustainable health care systems. These initiatives should focus on the continuum of health and well-being of a population by introducing interventions that integrate various services.
Effect of antidepressant treatment on cognitive impairments associated with depression: a randomised longitudinal study
Antidepressant treatment failure is a common problem worldwide. In this study, we assess whether or not an important aspect of depression, cognitive impairment, is untreated by antidepressants by studying the effect of acute antidepressant treatment on a range of cognitive domains.
The US Food and Drug Administration’s Proposed Rule to Increase Regulation of Indoor Tanning Devices
The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Markers of Impaired Decision Making in Nursing Home Residents: Assessment by Nursing Home Staff in a Population-Based Study
To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription . Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. Many nursing home residents have cognitive impairment that affects their decision making. In order to identify potential markers of impaired decision making, we investigated the association between a range of nursing home resident characteristics and impaired decision making in a population-based sample.
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