Benfu Lv

Submitted: 26 January 2026 You are already at the latest version Although the concept of the "agent" is central to artificial intelligence and intelligence science, it has long lacked a unified formal definition. This paper systematically analyzes interdisciplinary theoretical frameworks, establishing "agents are open information processing systems" as the first principle.

You are already at the latest version This study proposes that Agent is not only the core concept of artificial intelligence but also a key factor driving the significant paradigm shift in 21st-century science. Initially, from an information-processing perspective, we establish Standard Agent Model, positing as an axiom that any system with information input, output, storage, creation, and control capabilities constitutes an agent.

Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed Version 1 : Received: 7 October 2024 / Approved: 7 October 2024 / Online: 8 October 2024 (08:48:20 CEST) feng, L.; Lv, B.; Liu, Y. From Observer to Agent: On the Unification of Physics and Intelligence Science. Preprints 2024, 2024100479. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.0479.v1 feng, L.; Lv, B.; Liu, Y. From Observer to Agent: On the Unification of Physics and Intelligence Science. Preprints 2024, 2024100479.