3.2.2 QOL measure The QLQ-C30 consists of five function scales (i.e. physical, role, cognitive, emotional and social), seven symptom scales (i.e. fatigue, pain, nausea and vomiting, dyspnoea, insomnia, appetite loss, and constipation), a financial difficulties scale, and an overall health and QOL scale (Aaronson et al., 1993).