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Articles by Dalan Bailey
Dual-use virology research in the age of AI
We propose that dual-use research of concern policies should reflect emerging risks from recent technological innovations, including artificial intelligence, to ensure continued global biosafety, while acknowledging the wider societal benefits of genetic modification of viruses. Viruses rapidly evolve to optimize their position within a given niche; however, most changes result in reduced viral fitness with a weaker or inactivated virus.
Heart-nosed bat alphacoronaviruses use human CEACAM6 to enter cells
Abstract Identifying viruses with zoonotic potential on the basis of their ability to enter human cells is a critical component of pandemic prediction, prevention and preparedness. Here using a computational approach that retains maximum phylogenetic diversity, we selected an optimal subset of alphacoronavirus spike proteins to screen against broad coronavirus receptor libraries. Most of the selected spike proteins did not use any of the established coronavirus receptors.
A nanobody-based therapeutic targeting Nipah virus limits viral escape - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Abstract Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are highly pathogenic henipaviruses without approved human vaccines or therapies. Here, we report on a highly potent bispecific therapeutic that combines an anti-fusion glycoprotein nanobody with an anti-receptor-binding glycoprotein (RBP) antibody to deliver a dual-targeting biologic that is resistant to viral escape.
Identifying an evolutionary origin for morbilliviruses in bats - Nature Microbiology
Investigations in wild bats and non-human primates in Brazil and Costa Rica reveal diverse morbillivirus ecology in neotropical bats and evidence for host jumps.
Empirical and model-based evidence for a negligible role of cattle in peste des petits ruminants virus transmission and eradication - Communications Biology
Abstract Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a multi-host pathogen with sheep and goats as main hosts. To investigate the role of cattle in the epidemiology of PPR, we simulated conditions similar to East African zero-grazing husbandry practices in a series of trials with local Zebu cattle (Bos taurus indicus) co-housed with goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model to assess the impact of PPRV-transmission from cattle to goats.
Global variation in prior exposure shapes antibody neutralization profiles of SARS-CoV-2 variants up to BA.2.86
Abstract The highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant, BA.2.86, and its descendants are now the most frequently sequenced variants of SARS-CoV-2. We analyze antibody neutralization data from eight laboratories from the UK, USA, Denmark, and China, including two datasets assessing the effect of XBB.1.5 vaccines, to determine the effect of infection and vaccination history on neutralization of variants up to and including BA.2.86, and produce antibody landscapes to describe these neutralization profiles.
Genomic screening of 16 UK native bat species through conservationist networks uncovers coronaviruses with zoonotic potential - Nature Communications
Abstract There has been limited characterisation of bat-borne coronaviruses in Europe. Here, we screened for coronaviruses in 48 faecal samples from 16 of the 17 bat species breeding in the UK, collected through a bat rehabilitation and conservationist network. We recovered nine complete genomes, including two novel coronavirus species, across six bat species: four alphacoronaviruses, a MERS-related betacoronavirus, and four closely related sarbecoviruses.
Neutralizing antibody activity against 21 SARS-CoV-2 variants in older adults vaccinated with BNT162b2 - Nature Microbiology
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 variants may threaten the effectiveness of vaccines and antivirals to mitigate serious COVID-19 disease. This is of most concern in clinically vulnerable groups such as older adults. We analysed 72 sera samples from 37 individuals, aged 70–89 years, vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) 3 weeks apart, for neutralizing antibody responses to wildtype SARS-CoV-2.
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