Hamza Marzouki

Abstract Agility is a key determinant of soccer performance, combining mechanical change of direction (COD) ability with perceptual and decision-making processes. This study compared the effects of reactive agility (RA) and planned agility (PA) training on physical performance, internal load, and enjoyment in youth soccer players during the in-season period. In a randomized, volume-matched, 8-week intervention, 18 under-16 male players were assigned to a RA (RAG) or PA (PAG) training group.

Volleyball is a popular team sport that requires a distinct combination of high physical aptitude and several technical and tactical aspects for sports achievement (Sheppard et al., 2009). The game requires players to perform explosive actions accurately, such as serving, jumping, spiking, and sprinting (Tsoukos et al., 2019). Understanding the various factors contributing to volleyball players’ performance can provide valuable insights for coaches, athletes, and sports scientists.

2.3. Procedures 2.3.1. Assessment of Linear Sprinting with and without Ball To assess linear sprinting, the participants covered a 20 m distance with and without the ball as fast as possible, with times over 10 and 20 m (S10, S20, Ball-S10, and Ball-S20) recorded using a series of paired photocells (Globus, Microgate, Bolsano, Italy). Participants started from a standing position with the front foot placed 0.2 m behind the first photocell beam.