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Articles by Mechatronics Engineering
Measurement-grounded multiobjective optimization of CNC finish milling using vibration and controller data
Zhou L, Li J, Li F, Mendis G, Sutherland JW (2018) Optimization parameters for energy efficiency in end milling. Procedia CIRP 69:312–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2017.12.005 Article Google Scholar Groover MP (2019) Fundamentals of modern manufacturing: materials, processes, and systems, 7th edn. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ Google Scholar Altintas Y, Budak E (1995) Analytical prediction of stability lobes in milling. CIRP Ann 44(1):357–362.
Systems biology prioritizes drug candidates for an interferonresponse-high monocyte state in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Abstract Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is an age-associated neurological disorder characterized by gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and urinary dysfunction. Although cerebrospinal fluid dynamics are central to its pathophysiology, the contribution of peripheral immune alterations remains poorly understood. We characterized an interferon-response-high monocyte state observed in iNPH and evaluated computational compound prioritization.
Thermal comfort in relation to housing and tuberculosis status among individuals aged ≥15 years in Padang, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) may influence thermal comfort perception through physiological changes such as respiratory symptoms and reduced metabolic activity. This study examined subjective (Thermal Sensation Vote, TSV) and objective (Predictive Mean Vote, PMV) comfort among TB patients, non-TB individuals with respiratory symptoms, and community controls in tropical households.
Effects of multiple motor point stimulation on knee joint torque compared with conventional functional electrical stimulation
Background Functional electrical stimulation (FES) delivers transcutaneous electrical current to motor nerves to artificially evoke muscle contractions and produce joint torque. In neurorehabilitation, FES is commonly applied via a large surface electrode pair placed over a muscle group—an approach that we here refer to as single-electrode stimulation (SES). However, the torque-generating capacity of SES is limited, possibly due to spatial-fixation of recruited motor units.
Next-to-leading order analysis of
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Ethylene: Catalyst Design and Synchrotron‐Based Characterizations
1 Introduction The extensive consumption of fossil fuels has led to severe anthropogenic climate change and escalating energy crises, primarily caused by the continuous accumulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Converting this chemically stable molecule into useful products through conventional thermochemical processes requires high temperatures and pressures, making these routes energy-intensive and unsustainable.
CO2, Fiber, and UV Direct Laser Writing of Graphene for Flexible EMI Shielding Applications: A Comparative Study
1 Introduction With the continuous modernization and expansion of industries, the reliance on electronic and wireless devices has significantly increased, driving advancements in productivity, efficiency, and automation. However, this growing dependence has also intensified electromagnetic congestion, particularly in industrial environments where numerous electronic systems operate concurrently [1, 2].
Toward virtual bladder: real-time bladder volume monitoring with flexible AuCNT strain sensors
Keywords: digital twin, bladder strain sensor, AuCNT, bladder dysfunction, closed-loop neuromodulation Citation: Cho Y, Jo Y, Kang M, Shin H, Cho J, Jeong H, Suh HP, Pak CJ, Park J, Kwon S, Choi H, Yu J, Kim HJ and Lee S (2026) Toward virtual bladder: real-time bladder volume monitoring with flexible AuCNT strain sensors. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 13:1717576.
Aerodynamic Performance of a Topologically Optimised Nose-Wheel Fork of a Light Aircraft Produced By Selective Laser Melting
Abstract A complex topologically optimised landing gear fork for a light aircraft was fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM). It was hypothesised that the optimised fork would exhibit a unique air flow surface contour that could enhance aerodynamic performance by promoting lift and reducing drag compared with conventionally manufactured components. To test this hypothesis, the aerodynamic behaviour of the nose-wheel fork was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Mechanical and material heterogeneity, strain localization and deformation rate effects in crushable expanded polystyrene foams
1 Introduction Closed-cell foams such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polypropylene (EPP) are among the most widely used crushable cellular materials for impact energy absorption.
Neural Networks for Space Debris Classification
1 Introduction Space object characterisation is an important area of study, especially given the increasing numbers of both active and inactive objects in low-Earth orbit (LEO). With the growing number of debris resulting from breakup events, shape characterisation is of particular interest in the field of space domain awareness (SDA).
Diamond‐Like‐Carbon Coated Metallic Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cells: An Assessment of Coating Thickness Effect
BP bipolar plate DLC diamond-like-carbon DOE department of energy EDX energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy EIS electrochemical impedance spectroscopy GDL gas diffusion layer GGF Good–Girifalco–Fowkes ICR interfacial contact resistance MBP metallic bipolar plate OCP open circuit potential PEM proton exchange membrane SEM scanning electron microscopy XPS x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 1 Introduction Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are efficient power sources for transportation...
Photothermal Boost of Laser‐Synthesized TiC Colloidal Variants with Engineered Solid‐State Interfaces and Nitridation (Adv. Mater. 47/2025)
Kevin P. Musselman Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1 Canada Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1 Canada Search for more papers by this author
Editorial: Wearables for Human-Robot Interaction and Collaboration
EDITORIAL article Front. Robot. AI Sec.
An Asymptotically Stable Self‐Adjusting Adaptive Fuzzy Logic‐Based Robust Controller Formulation for Robot Manipulators
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. References 1, , , and , “In-Depth Review of Advanced Control Strategies and Cutting-Edge Trends in Robot Manipulators: Analyzing the Latest Developments and Techniques,” IEEE Access 12 (2024): 47672–47701.
Electrospark‐Deposited AlCrFeCoNi High‐Entropy Alloy Coatings on Steel: Microstructure Evolution, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Response
1 Introduction High entropy alloys (HEAs) have garnered significant attention since their introduction in 2004 due to their high structural complexity.[1] This complexity, characterized by long-range atomic disorder, provides exceptional thermodynamic stability under extreme conditions, known as the high entropy effect.[2] HEAs also exhibit lattice distortion because of varying atomic sizes and bonding energies.
Parametrized statistical appearance and shape modelling strategy to predict proximal and diaphyseal femoral fractures
1IAT Ingenieurgesellschaft für Automobiltechnik mbH, Berlin, Germany 2Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany 3Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada 4Institute of Biomechanics, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany Introduction: Femoral loading leading to a fracture is known to vary with anthropometry, and patient-specific finite element models have...
Optimizing the operation of fuel cell vehicle-to-grid systems using supervised learning
1 Introduction Global electricity demand is rising, with a forecasted growth rate of nearly 4% annually; yet the global electricity supply remains heavily dependent on fossil fuels, which accounted for approximately 59% of generation in 2024 (IEA, 2025). This reliance on fossil fuels is the primary driver of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and an urgent transition to renewable energy sources is required to meet international climate targets (Filonchyk et al., 2024).
Spatially Distributed Modeling of Lake Ice Trends and Distribution in the North Slave Region, NWT, Canada
1 Introduction Warming in Arctic regions since the late 1970s is reported to be almost four times that of the global rate (Rantanen et al., 2022) and has impacted several components of the Earth's cryosphere. As global temperatures continue to rise, there are implications for Northern Canada, whose socioeconomic and cultural systems are centered around ice and snow and where changing lake ice regimes are linked to the natural resource industry (Knoll et al., 2019; Mullan et al., 2017; T. D.
Adaptive mixing formation control of multiquadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle systems
1 INTRODUCTION The coordination and control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted considerable research interest due to their potential advantages over single-UAV systems in complex missions such as defense patrolling, monitoring, surveillance, search, and rescue operations [1, 2]. A key challenge in these cooperative missions is coordinated motion control, which encompasses formation acquisition and maintenance, flocking, and consensus strategies [3-5].
Chitosan Hydrogels Crosslinked With Glutaraldehyde for Potential Toxic Elements Removal: Batch and Purification Device Analysis
1 Introduction Water contamination is one of modern society's most worrying environmental impacts, presenting a considerable public health threat [1]. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as agricultural pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, dyes, solvents, drugs, organic waste, and traces of metal ions discharged without adequate treatment by industries have raised significant concerns about their continued impact along the trophic chain, as they have long-term effects [2].
Multi-mode Evasion Assistance Control Method for Intelligent Distributed-drive Electric Vehicle Considering Human Driver’s Reaction - Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering
1) System dynamics After the vehicle reaches the LPTB, if the driver has not taken any CA actions, E-EAC directly controls the front wheel angle to avoid the collision via emergency lane changing. Additionally, the direct yaw moment will be generated by the distributed-drive motors to improve the vehicle’s stability.
A Longitudinal Investigation of the Cerebral Venous Hemodynamics in Multiple Sclerosis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Keywords Cerebral venous system computational fluid dynamics hemodynamics multiple sclerosis vascular resistance venous elasticity INTRODUCTION Multiple Sclerosis is an inflammatory condition impacting the central nervous system (CNS), and is chronic and neurodegenerative in nature (Wingerchuk et al., 2001). A feature of MS is the formation of white matter plaques, which tend to develop in regions surrounding the periventricular veins (Putnam & Adler, 1937).
Immediate effects of visual feedback on the accuracy of foot landing adjustments in older people with diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study
Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Citation: Martin S, Taylor SB, Pejhan S, Shideler BL, Ogrin R, Begg R (2025) Immediate effects of visual feedback on the accuracy of foot landing adjustments in older people with diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 20(5): e0323569. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323569 Editor: Renato S.
Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and asthma exacerbation: a large population-based case-crossover study in Southern Thailand - Environmental Health
A case-crossover design, commonly used in studies of air pollution and acute health effects, is a self-matched case-control approach in which each participant serves as their own control. This design effectively controls for individual-level factors and potential confounders that remain constant over time, such as sex, genetics, and socioeconomic status [16].
Splash-free urinals for global sustainability and accessibility: Design through physics and differential equations
Public restrooms are an important, though commonly disregarded, part of human history. The incorporation of adequate sewer systems eliminated plagues, and transformed city life (1). The urinal is a near-universal feature of the modern public bathroom—space efficient and fast—urinals are an ideal solution for at least half the population when they void.
Design Guidelines of Free‐Flow Counterflow Gradient Focusing Device for Protein Fractionation
EGM equilibrium gradient method EMG exponentially modified Gaussian EV extreme Value FF-CGF free-flow counterflow gradient focusing FFE free-flow electrophoresis FF-IEF free-flow isoelectric focusing FFZE free-flow zone electrophoresis 1 Introduction Protein fractionation is a challenging process for life science research and the pharmaceutical industry [1].
Connecting Droplet Adhesion with Sperm Kinematics: A New Paradigm in Sperm Quality Monitoring
1 Introduction The movement of sperm cells through the female reproductive tract, especially the fallopian tube, is one of the most fascinating and equally complex biological journeys.[1-3] One in which sperm cells face incredible odds to fertilize the egg and initiate the creation of a new life.
Real-time fuzzy position control and design of Star parallel robot - Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
Abstract The goal of this study is to use fuzzy logic to develop and operate a specially made Star parallel robot inside a given working volume. The robot was constructed and outfitted with the required components after it was designed in SolidWorks with a working volume of 20 × 20 × 20 cm. Fuzzy logic was used in a MATLAB/Simulink real-time environment to accomplish real-time position control (RTPC).
Rapid and Green Production of Mo2C Nanoparticles with High Photo‐Thermalization via Single‐Step Femtosecond‐Laser Irradiation
1 Introduction Generating thermal energy using abundant and convenient light energy is vital in different technologies.[1-3] Materials that can efficiently absorb incident light and convert it into thermal energy for other uses are therefore of immense importance.[4-6] Moreover, photothermal materials with reduced dimensionality, referred to as nano/quantum materials, are of particular interest due to their potential use in theranostic nanomedicine.[7, 8] The quest for new, efficient...
Covalent Carbide Interconnects Enable Robust Interfaces and Thin SEI for Graphite Anode Stability under Extreme Fast Charging
1 Introduction Electrode architectures have seldom changed since the early days of Li-ion batteries (LiBs). Commercial electrodes almost exclusively use a slurry-based architecture with polymer as binder and a percolated network of carbon additive to ensure electron conduction throughout the electrode. While scalable and low cost, this architecture ensures neither optimum electron conduction nor permanent electrical pathways.
Epidural Magnetic Stimulation of the Motor Cortex Using an Implantable Coil
Keywords magnetic stimulation epidural stimulation low-intensity magnetic stimulation neuromodulation motor evoked potential implantable coil 1 Introduction Magnetic stimulation, represented by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is a therapeutic technique that stimulates the brain with electric fields induced by intense magnetic fields without exposing metallic or conducting electrodes to the body.
Characterisation of High‐Density Polyethylene (DiaPow HDPE HX R) Powder for Use in Additive Manufacturing
1. Introduction The plastic industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world, since polymers, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), are used for a wide range of applications [1]. HDPE is popular because of its relatively high thermal stability, great chemical resistance, excellent power insulation, and good water resistance [1]. Aka et al.
Generating microstructures of long fiber reinforced composites by the fused sequential addition and migration method
1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 State of the art Long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) offer a high potential for lightweight applications as they feature a high stiffness to weight ratio and may be manufactured with cost-efficient processes as injection or compression molding. Due to the heterogeneity of these composites, their elastic and inelastic mechanical behavior depends strongly on the material microstructure and the properties of the constituents.
Fluctuating Flame from Suspending Ferrimagnetic Core/Shell Al@Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in a Magnetic Field
1 Introduction Metastable intermolecular composites (MICs) or nanothermites have recently been investigated for rapid energy and power generation in various domains, such as actuating microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), welding, joining, and propulsion.[1, 2] Typical MICs embody a reactive fuel – oxidizer formulation.
Specific wavelength peak emulation with amorphous metastructures
The conventional design process for metasurfaces is time-consuming and computationally expensive. To address this challenge, we utilize a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) to generate new nanohole metastructure designs that match a desired transmittance spectrum in the visible range. The trained DCGAN model demonstrates an exceptional performance in generating diverse and manufacturable metastructure designs that closely resemble the target optical properties.
Selection of an optimum tilt angle of the conical cutting tool used for linear coal cutting process
The goal of this project is to use a conical pick to accomplish a linear coal cutting operation. Conical picks are used to extract coal from mines. It is divided into two zones, hardened steel body and abrasive cemented carbide tip. For coal cutting purpose, shaper machine was used in this study. The linear cutting was done at various tilt angles of the conical pick.
Gas phase growth of metal-organic frameworks on microcantilevers for highly sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic pollutants that are hazardous to the environment and human health. Monitoring and reducing VOC levels can improve indoor air quality and prevent negative health effects. Therefore, developing VOC sensors with high sensitivity, selectivity, low power consumption, and cost-effective manufacturing is crucial. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a type of hybrid nanoporous crystalline materials.
The Effects of Shear Stress on the Micromechanical Properties of 3D Printable Biopolymer Nanocomposites Using a Custom‐Designed Extrusion‐Based 3D Printer
1 Introduction Various materials are used for bone regeneration, including autografts, allografts, and synthetic bone substitutes.
Simulated augmented reality-based calibration of optical see-through head mound display for surgical navigation - International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
Abstract Calibration of an optical see-through head-mounted display is critical for augmented reality-based surgical navigation. While conventional methods have advanced, calibration errors remain significant. Moreover, prior research has focused primarily on calibration accuracy and procedure, neglecting the impact on the overall surgical navigation system.
Time division multiplexing based multi-spectral semantic camera for LiDAR applications - Scientific Reports
Abstract The recent progress in the development of measurement systems for autonomous recognition had a substantial impact on emerging technology in numerous fields, especially robotics and automotive applications. In particular, time-of-flight (TOF) based light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems enable to map the surrounding environmental information over long distances and with high accuracy.
A simple boundary condition regularization strategy for image velocimetry-based pressure field reconstruction - Experiments in Fluids
Abstract We propose a simple boundary condition regularization strategy to reduce error propagation in pressure field reconstruction from corrupted image velocimetry data. The core idea is to replace the canonical Neumann boundary conditions with Dirichlet ones obtained by integrating the tangential part of the pressure gradient along the boundaries. Rigorous analysis and numerical experiments justify the effectiveness of this regularization.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Energy Management for Hybrid Power Systems: State-of-the-Art Survey, Review, and Perspectives - Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Abstract The new energy vehicle plays a crucial role in green transportation, and the energy management strategy of hybrid power systems is essential for ensuring energy-efficient driving. This paper presents a state-of-the-art survey and review of reinforcement learning-based energy management strategies for hybrid power systems. Additionally, it envisions the outlook for autonomous intelligent hybrid electric vehicles, with reinforcement learning as the foundational technology.
Modification of the electrokinetic motion of microalgae through light illumination for viability assessment
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description elps7986-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx164.2 KB Supporting Information Additional supporting information can be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of this article. REFERENCES 1, , . Effects of new shipping routes on the operational resilience of container lines: potential impacts of the Arctic Sea Route and the Kra Canal on the Europe-far east seaborne trades.
The health-care crisis won’t be solved without addressing the elephant in the room: Staff workload
This article was originally published on The Conversation, an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts. Disclosure information is available on the original site.
Femtosecond Laser Carburization of WS2 Flakes to W2C for Enhanced Photothermal Conversion Efficiency
Photothermal therapy is a new, promising approach for treating cancer in a non-invasive way. In this work, we synthesized a photothermally efficient nanomaterial, by exposing bulk WS2 powder, dispersed in carbon-rich acetonitrile, to high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses. The photothermal measurements showed a significantly higher rise in temperature and enhanced photothermal efficiency for the laser-treated material.
Depinning of water droplets from a horizontal solid surface by wall-bounded shear flows
The onset of droplet motion along a horizontal anodized aluminum surface arising from aerodynamic loading imposed by an accelerating wall-bounded shear flow was investigated for water droplet volumes ranging from 75 to 120μL. Two accelerating shear flows were considered, a flat plate boundary layer and an impinging jet with orientation angles spanning 30∘ to 90∘. The flows were linearly accelerated at three different rates, 1.2, 2.2, and 4.4m/s2, to a maximum flow speed of 20m/s.
6th International Conference on Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronics Engineering
Welcome to the 6th International Conference on Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering (ISTDAMME 2024) a prestigious event set to unfold in the vibrant city of Dubai UAE from November 18-19 2024. About the Conference: Date: November 18-19 2024 Location: Dubai UAE ISTDAMME 2024 is a gathering of distinguished professionals researchers and industry experts in the fields of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering.
ZIFs‐Derived Hollow Nanostructures via a Strong/Weak Coetching Strategy for Long‐Life Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description smll202309932-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf2.7 MB Supporting Information References 1, , Nature 2012, 488, 294. 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , J. Mater. Chem. A. 2020, 8, 17725. 3, , , , , , , , Energy Mater. 2023, 3, 300021. 4, , , , , , Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 409, 128171. 5, , , , , , J. Power Sources 2021, 498, 229859. 6, , , , , , , , Dalton Trans. 2021, 50, 6083. 7, , , , , , Nano Energy 2020, 78, 105185.
Task offloading exploiting grey wolf optimization in collaborative edge computing - Journal of Cloud Computing
In this section, the performance of our proposed multi-objective task offloading with the caching approach is compared with some of the existing strategies in the literature: MGBD [4], iRAF [17] and MOEA/D [19]. The work presented in [4] focuses on jointly addressing the content caching, computation offloading, and resource allocation problem to reduce users’ overall task execution time.
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