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Articles by Research Programme
Changing food availability and its effect on the heritability of offspring size in woodland passerine birds
1 INTRODUCTION To persist and prosper, natural populations need to adapt to anthropogenically induced changes in their environments, such as the warming of the climate. Climate warming has indeed led to a plentitude of responses in the wild, including advancement of phenology in seasonal environments (Parmesan, 2006) and distributional range shifts (Parmesan, 2006; Taheri et al., 2021; Thomas, 2010).
Artefacts as a Starting Point for Studying Clinical Practice
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. Research data are not shared due to privacy and ethical aspects. References 2017. “Decoding Modern Hospitals: An Architectural History.” Architectural Design 87: 16–23. , and . 2015.
Development of a PRISMA extension for systematic reviews of health economic evaluations (PRISMA-EconEval): a project protocol - Systematic Reviews
This project is funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Research for Patient Benefit Programme (grant number NIHR206833) and hosted at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford. A core international multidisciplinary working group has been established to oversee all project activities.
Moving towards making (quantitative) structure-activity relationships ((Q)SARs) for toxicity-related endpoints findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) | ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation
Article Details Belfield, S. J. (2025) “Moving towards making (quantitative) structure-activity relationships ((Q)SARs) for toxicity-related endpoints findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR)”, ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation. doi: 10.14573/altex.2411161. Articles Ammar, A., Evelo, C., and Willighagen, E. (2024). FAIR assessment of nanosafety data reusability with community standards. Sci Data 11, 503. doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03324-x Angelo, R. M., Andreia, K. I., Almeida, M.
The complexity of G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) modulation and signalling
1 INTRODUCTION Cells continuously sense their surroundings and adapt their responses to environmental changes. This process is driven by signal transduction through the membrane, which is a fundamental mechanism conserved across all species that regulates essential biological functions.
Beyond genes‐for‐behaviour: The potential for genomics to resolve long‐standing questions in avian brood parasitism
1 BEHAVIOURAL ECOLOGY AND GENOMICS In 1963, Tinbergen published his landmark paper that has changed the way ecologists and evolutionary biologists study behavioural traits (Bateson & Laland, 2013). He proposed that understanding behaviours as adaptations would require integrating the answers to four complementary questions about (i) the underlying mechanisms of the trait, (ii) its development, (iii) evolutionary history, and (iv) its effects on fitness (Tinbergen, 1963).
Multi-stage evolution of the oceanic lithosphere beneath Heard Island, southern Indian Ocean
The Kerguelen Plateau is the second biggest submarine large igneous province (LIP) on Earth, however, the nature of the lithospheric mantle source underlying it remains poorly constrained. In this contribution, we provide novel insights into the oceanic lithospheric mantle underlying Heard Island (southern Indian Ocean), which represents the most recent and active phase of volcanic activity (<1 Ma) in the Kerguelen Plateau.
Relevance of G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) dynamics for receptor activation, signalling bias and allosteric modulation
ECL extracellular loop GPCR G protein-coupled receptor ICL intracellular loop MD molecular dynamic NAM negative allosteric modulators PAM positive allosteric modulators TM transmembrane 1 INTRODUCTION G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which represent the largest transmembrane protein family in humans (Sokolina et al., 2017), are responsible for transmitting signals from the extracellular environment into cells.
Ligand entry pathways control the chemical space recognized by GPR183
Ligand entry pathways control the chemical space recognized by GPR183† The G protein-coupled receptor GPR183 is a chemotactic receptor with an important function in the immune system and association with a variety of diseases. It recognizes ligands with diverse physicochemical properties as both the endogenous oxysterol ligand 7α,25-OHC and synthetic molecules can activate the G protein pathway of the receptor.
On the construction of LIECE models for the serotonin receptor 5-HT $$_{\text {2A}}$$ 2A R - Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design
Structure preparation Two inactive models of the 5-HT\(_{\text {2A}}\)R were prepared based on the structure with PDB ID 6A93 [17] with the protein preparation menu of the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. [25] In the first model, termed ‘inactRisp’, risperidone was kept as the cocrystallized ligand.
Frontiers | In silico evaluation of the role of lisdexamfetamine on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder common psychiatric comorbidities: mechanistic insights on binge eating disorder and depression
In silico evaluation of the role of lisdexamfetamine on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder common psychiatric comorbidities: mechanistic insights on binge eating disorder and depression 1Unidad Ambulatoria de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental de la Infancia, Niñez y Adolescencia. Hospital Perpetuo Socorro., Spain 2Anaxomics Biotech, Spain 3Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain 4Medical Department.
Frontiers | In silico clinical trial evaluating lisdexamfetamine’s and methylphenidate’s mechanism of action computational models in an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder virtual patients’ population
1. Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric condition well recognized in the pediatric population in which children suffer from persistent inattentiveness, hyperactivity, impulsivity, or any combination thereof (1). ADHD global prevalence in school-age children is estimated at around 7.2% (2) and is generally accepted to range from 6 to 10% (3).
A Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Model for Certolizumab Pegol Treatment in Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis
A Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Model for Certolizumab Pegol Treatment in Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis 1Hospital Vital Álvarez-Buylla, Mieres, Spain 2Anaxomics Biotech SL, Spain 3Structural Bioinformatics Group, Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain 4Hospital de Manises, Spain 5Dermatology Department, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Andalusian Health Service, University of Seville, Spain 6Institute of...
Recommendations to overcome barriers to the use of artificial intelligence-driven evidence in health technology assessment
1. Introduction Sophisticated computational models and algorithms, combined with powerful computers and the availability of vast amounts of data, have recently accelerated the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in various fields. This is primarily driven by the development of machine learning (ML), which has contributed to advances in data science and statistical prediction (1).
Working at the forefront of neurodegenerative disease research
In the UK, over 1 million people are living with a neurodegenerative disease. These include conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis. It’s an area of unmet clinical need. Despite high levels of research expenditure, there is a lack of effective new treatments. In response, the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) committed over €380 million on a diverse portfolio of more than 20 different research projects.
Artificial intelligence assessment of the potential of tocilizumab along with corticosteroids therapy for the management of COVID-19 evoked acute respiratory distress syndrome
3.3 Combination mechanisms of tocilizumab plus dexamethasone in the management of COVID-19 evoked ARDS The predicted MoA for each drug were jointly evaluated, aiming at the elucidation of the likely pharmacological mechanisms evoked by the combination against COVID-19 evoked ARDS (Fig 5). Fig 5. Mechanism of action of dexamethasone and tocilizumab as combined therapy.
International collaboration - advancing the use of real-world evidence in health technology assessment
Real-world evidence has the potential to transform current models of evidence generation. It allows us to better substantiate the benefit of a medical intervention outside clinical trials. Data is taken from sources such as electronic health records, medical claims data and disease registries. Here at NICE, we want to use real-world data to resolve gaps in knowledge.
Scaffolding of experimental design skills
Scaffolding of experimental design skills Luca Szalay, *a Zoltán Tóth,b Réka Borbásc and István Füzesid Abstract The results of an earlier four-year longitudinal research study on the development of experimental design skills led to the conclusion that 12–13 year old students probably need more help to design experiments than had been offered to them in that project. This paper reports the findings of the first year of a further four-year empirical research project.
Unveiling chronic spontaneous urticaria pathophysiology through systems biology
Article Info Publication History Accepted: December 20, 2022 Received in revised form: December 6, 2022 Received: July 15, 2022 Publication stage In Press Journal Pre-Proof Footnotes Conflict of interest MF has received honoraria (advisory board, speaker) from Genentech, Menarini, Uriach, FAES, and MSD; has received a Research Grant from GSK and Novartis; and advisory and speaker fees from Novartis. Non-Financial Interests: fellow of the AAAAI.
Visualization of automatically combined disease maps and pathway diagrams for rare diseases
1 Introduction Investigation of causal mechanisms behind complex diseases is challenging, and one of key components of such investigations is knowledge about implicated molecular mechanisms and pathways. Pathway databases like Reactome or WikiPathways (Martens et al., 2021; Gillespie et al., 2022) offer diagrammatic representations of such mechanisms, also for more prevalent diseases.
Ligand entry pathways control the chemical space recognized by GPR183
Article type Edge Article Submitted 27 Oct 2022 Accepted 26 Aug 2023 First published 25 Sep 2023 This article is Open Access All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry Chem. Sci., 2023,14, 10671-10683 V. M. S. Kjær, T. M. Stępniewski, B. Medel-Lacruz, L. Reinmuth, M. Ciba, E. Rexen Ulven, M. Bonomi, J. Selent and M. M. Rosenkilde, Chem.
Frontiers | In silico clinical trial evaluating lisdexamfetamine’s and methylphenidate’s mechanism of action computational models in an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder virtual patients’ population
José Ramón Gutiérrez Casares1*, Javier Quintero2, Cristina Segú-Vergés3, 4*, Pilar Rodríguez5, 6, Tamara Pozo-Rubio5, Mireia Coma3 and Carmen Montoto5 1Unidad Ambulatoria de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental de la Infancia, Niñez y Adolescencia. Hospital Perpetuo Socorro, Spain 2Servicio de Psiquiatría. Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor.
Population‐based randomized trial of screening for clinically significant prostate cancer ProScreen: a pilot study
Original Article Antti Rannikko, Corresponding Author Antti Rannikko antti.rannikko@hus.fi orcid.org/0000-0002-4261-3484 Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Research Programme in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Correspondence: Antti Rannikko, Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki,...
Long-term nationwide trends in the treatment of and outcomes among pancreatic cancer patients
Abstract Whilst treatment modalities for pancreatic cancer patients have evolved in recent years, their impact on outcomes remains relatively unexamined on a national scale. We aimed to analyse changes in overall survival and trends in surgical and oncological treatments in pancreatic cancer patients diagnosed in the periods 2000 through 2008 and 2009 through 2016 in Finland.
Regulation of prefrontal patterning and connectivity by retinoic acid - Nature
Abstract The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its connections with the mediodorsal thalamus are crucial for cognitive flexibility and working memory1 and are thought to be altered in disorders such as autism2,3 and schizophrenia4,5.
The Sandbox Approach and its Potential for Use in Health Technology Assessment: A Literature Review - Applied Health Economics and Health Policy
Abstract Background The concept of the regulatory sandbox—a safe space for testing new regulatory processes—was first used within the financial technologies (FinTech) sector, but has since expanded into other sectors, including healthcare.
Molecular topography of an entire nervous system
Adorjan I. Tyler T. Bhaduri A. Demharter S. Finszter C.K. Bako M. Sebok O.M. Nowakowski T.J. Khodosevich K. Møllgård K. et al. Neuroserpin expression during human brain development and in adult brain revealed by immunohistochemistry and single cell RNA sequencing. J. Anat. 2019; 235: 543-554 Albertson D.G. Thomson J.N. The pharynx of Caenorhabditis elegans. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 1976; 275: 299-325 Allen A.M. Neville M.C. Birtles S. Croset V. Treiber C.D. Waddell S.
Mechanistic insights into dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission - concerted interactions with helices 5 and 6 drive the functional outcome
Mechanistic insights into dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission – concerted interactions with helices 5 and 6 drive the functional outcome† Tomasz Maciej Stepniewski, ‡ab Arturo Mancini,‡*c Richard Ågren,d Mariona Torrens-Fontanals, a Meriem Semache,c Michel Bouvier, ef Kristoffer Sahlholm, dg Billy Bretoncf and Jana Selent *a Author affiliations * Corresponding authors a Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) – Pompeu...
Disrupted biographies and balancing identities: A qualitative study of cancer patients’ communication with healthcare professionals about dependent children
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Annemarie Dencker, Corresponding Author ade@cancer.dk orcid.org/0000-0002-2975-6114 Patient Support, The Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark National Institute of Public Health, Research Programme on Health Promotion and Prevention, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Correspondence Annemarie Dencker, Patient Support & Community Activities, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Molecular characterization in the prediction of disease extent in endometrial carcinoma
Highlights • p53 abn was associated with increased risk for stage IIIC–IV endometrial cancer. • When controlling for uterine factors, p53 abn no longer predicted advanced-stage endometrial cancer. • POLE EDM independently predicted stage I endometrial cancer. Abstract Objective Patients with endometrial carcinoma are usually triaged to staging lymphadenectomy selectively based on estimated risk of lymphatic spread.
Early mortality after diagnosis of cancer of the head and neck - A population-based nationwide study
Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Charbél Talani, Antti Mäkitie, Martin Beran, Erik Holmberg, Göran Laurell, Lovisa Farnebo Charbél Talani, Antti Mäkitie, Martin Beran, Erik Holmberg, Göran Laurell, Lovisa Farnebo Published: October 2, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223154 Figures Abstract Background Cancers of the head and neck have a high mortality rate, and roughly 10% of the patients die within six months of diagnosis.
Time Spent With Parents Varies With Early-Life Condition, but Does Not Predict Survival or Sociality of Juvenile Hihi
Introduction Once altricial birds fledge the nest, life becomes challenging. Fledglings lack foraging and anti-predator skills, and so mortality is often high. In short-lived passerines, for example, a quarter of fledglings on average do not survive their first month outside the nest (Anders et al., 1997; Ringsby et al., 1998; Naef-Daenzer et al., 2001; Low and Pärt, 2009).
Patient preferences studies: How NICE aims to make use of them
Patient preferences studies are surveys which ask patients to choose between different treatment options. For example, people who have been living with a condition for a long time could have different preferences regarding the treatment options available, than people who are newly diagnosed. These studies measure what type of treatment is more important to a patient group and could tell NICE the difference between specific treatment characteristics.
Zinc-finger domains in metazoans: evolution gone wild
A new study uncovers a potential mechanism that may allow zinc-finger domains in metazoans to recognize and bind virtually any DNA sequence. The human genome encodes about 700 proteins with Cys2-His2 zinc finger (C2H2-ZF) domains, the majority of which are likely to bind to DNA and regulate transcription. This makes C2H2-ZF the largest transcription factor (TF) family in our species [1], and the same is true in many other metazoans.
Membrane cholesterol access into a G-protein-coupled receptor
To investigate the effect of membrane cholesterol on A R-binding properties, we removed cholesterol from the membrane and monitored the specific binding of the radioligand [3H]ZM241385 (Fig. 1), a selective antagonist of this receptor. We depleted membrane cholesterol by treating C6 glioma cells with methyl-?-cyclodextrin (M?CD), a specific cholesterol-sequestering agent, for time lengths between 0 and 50?min (Fig. 1).
Health promotion in Danish schools: local priorities, policies and practices
This article discusses the findings from a study mapping out the priorities, policies and practices of local authorities concerning health promotion (HP) and health education (HE) in primary and lower secondary schools in Denmark. The aim of the study was to identify the gaps, tensions and possibilities associated with the demand to increase the quality and effectiveness of HP in schools.
Microbial communities of the ant Formica exsecta and its nest material
Statistical analyses We generated two separate sets of data files: one with ant material only, 18 samples from 6 colonies, henceforth “Ant_Data”, and one with ant samples and corresponding nest samples taken at the same time (6 samples of each), henceforth “Ant&Nest_Data. From the sequenced data, we counted the number of reads, and the number of OTUs separately for the two data sets.
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