Sarah Link

5G fifth generation of mobile technologies EMF electromagnetic fields GHz gigahertz IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer ICNIRP International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection kHz kilohertz RF-EMF radiofrequency electromagnetic fields WHO World Health Organization 1 Introduction Humans lack the ability to sense radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), which are used in mobile communications to transmit data such as voice or text.

1 Introduction Radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) from mobile communications, including the 5G New Radio (NR) networks, have triggered public debates and precautionary policy responses in various countries, even though there are no established health risks (Rowley and Mazar 2021; Stam 2017; World Health Organization WHO 2017).

1 INTRODUCTION Mobile technology is constantly evolving and impacts society in many facets. It has not only revolutionized the way we communicate with each other but also changed our access to information (Castells et al., 2009). Even how we learn and work is influenced by mobile communications (Sung et al., 2016; Yueh et al., 2016).