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Articles by Xin Ai
Computer Science > Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Real-world image generation often involves multi-turn editing, where users iteratively modify small regions while most image content remains unchanged. However, existing diffusion transformer (DiT)-based editing pipelines recompute the entire image at every turn, causing substantial redundant computation. Existing DiT acceleration methods further ignore semantic correspondence across prompts, leading to unnecessary recomputation or unsafe reuse that harms editing quality.
TGW1a locus simultaneously shortens growth duration and boosts grain yield in rice
Editor’s summary Structured Abstract Abstract Supplementary Materials References and Notes Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Check Access References Figures Tables Media Share Editor’s summary Modern cropping systems with multiple crops grown per year demand shorter growing periods per crop. However, these condensed crop durations often lead to lower yield. Using rice accessions with contrasting flowering time and grain yield, Li et al.
Structures of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Abstract Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), designated by the WHO as a priority pathogen under its R&D Blueprint for emerging epidemics, poses a major global health threat, yet licensed vaccines or specific antiviral treatments are lacking. As the sole viral enzyme responsible for genome replication and transcription, the CCHFV L protein is a large, multienzymatic protein, but its exceptional size (> 450 kDa) and extensive domain architecture have hindered structural analysis.
Vicarious Extinction Attenuates Reinstatement of High-Intensity Fear: The Role of the Acquisition-To-Extinction Interval
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement All data of this study are available at the following link: https://osf.io/7ga6j/?view_only=51f90b40b8634d9cbe52a057f19db057. Supporting Information Filename Description psyp70344-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docxWord 2007 document , 861.6 KB Table S1: Planned frequentist and Bayesian paired-samples t-tests (CS+ vs. CS−) for each block in every experimental phase.
Computer Science > Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
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Singular Perturbation Analysis of a Three-dimensional Predator-prey System with Delay and Piecewise Smooth Harvesting
In this paper, a class of plankton-fish (2, 1)-fast-slow system with delay and piecewise smooth on slow variable is studied. A new type of point that loses hyperbolicity on the critical manifold is discussed, and the influence of this point on the large-amplitude oscillation in the system is analyzed. Then, the situation of stability switching in delay systems is discussed, and it is shown that the delay term does not necessarily cause the stability switching of the system.
Pertussis resurgence after the COVID-19 pandemic in four Western Pacific Countries and the USA, highlighting the 2025 outbreak in Japan
Abstract Pertussis is a re-emerging, highly contagious respiratory disease posing a significant public health challenge globally. This retrospective study characterized the divergent pertussis resurgence after the coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by analyzing national surveillance data from four countries of the Western Pacific region (Japan, Australia, New Zealand, China) and the United States of America, with a focus on characterizing the unique outbreak in Japan.
Critical analysis of religious representation in Chinese geography textbooks in the context of version superdiversity
ABSTRACT This study analyzes the representation of religion in ten editions of geography textbooks used in Chinese junior high schools, employing a framework of superdiversity and educational equity. Informed by Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital and Freire’s critical pedagogy, the analysis explores how certain forms of religious knowledge are emphasised while others receive limited attention within textbook narratives.
Development of a CT radiomics and clinical feature combined model for predicting early recurrence of surgical resected hepatocellular carcinoma - Scientific Reports
Abstract Recurrence rate remains unsatisfactory among surgical resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with radical resection intention, and effective surveillance methods are lacking for post-operative recurrence. 436 HCC patients were selected for ultimate analyses. Significant features were extracted on favorable regions of interest (ROIs) of contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method to construct radiomics signature.
Recent progress of nanomaterials for diagnosis and treatment of rejection in heart transplantation
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT | Nanomaterials for diagnosis and treatment of rejection in heart transplantation (Guo et al., 2012; Wu W et al., 2013; Braza et al., 2018; Xu et al., 2020). Created in BioRender. 1 Introduction Heart transplantation is the most effective method for saving the lives of patients with end-stage heart failure. Currently, over 8,000 heart transplants are performed each year across the world (Martin et al., 2025).
Prediction of HER2‐Low Breast Cancer via Multimodal Ultrasound Imaging
2DUS 2D ultrasound ADCs antibody–drug conjugates AUC area under the curve CDFI color Doppler flow imaging CEUS contrast-enhanced ultrasound DVPC dynamic vascular pattern curve Emax maximum value of the Young's modulus Emean mean value of the Young's modulus Emin minimum value of the Young's modulus ER estrogen receptor Eratio stiffness ratio of the lesion and surrounding normal tissue FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization HER-2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 HR hormone receptor...
Microstructural transformation for robust and high-efficiency Zintl thermoelectrics - Nature Communications
Abstract Thermoelectric materials offer an exceptional opportunity to convert waste heat into electricity directly, yet their widespread application remains hindered by intrinsic brittleness and poor processability. Here, we introduce a graded ball milling strategy that fundamentally enhances the mechanical robustness and processability of YbZn2Sb2-based thermoelectrics.
Enhancing Thermoelectric Properties of Strontium Titanate Through In situ Growth of Carbon Nanotubes
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description smll202411022-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx15.3 MB Supporting Information References 1, , Science 2017, 357, eaak9997. 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , Nat. Commun. 2024, 15, 2141. 3, , , , , , , , Nat. Sci. Rev. 2023, 10, nwad095. 4, , , , , , , , , , , , Science 2015, 348, 109. 5, , , , , , , , , Science 2022, 377, 208. 6, , , , , , , , , , , , Science 2024, 384, 81.
Atomic-scale interface strengthening unlocks efficient and durable Mg-based thermoelectric devices - Nature Materials
Abstract Solid-state thermoelectric technology presents a compelling solution for converting waste heat into electrical energy. However, its widespread application is hindered by long-term stability issues, particularly at the electrode–thermoelectric material interface. Here we address this challenge by constructing an atomic-scale direct bonding interface.
Luminescence Efficiency Enhanced by Simple Substitutions on Donor and Acceptor in Radicals with Donor-Acceptor Structure
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
A Combined Forecasting Model Based on a Modified Pelican Optimization Algorithm for Ultra-Short-Term Wind Speed
1. Introduction Due to the worldwide consensus to attain carbon neutrality, expanding renewable energy sources has increasingly become the norm. Renewable energy like solar, wind, and hydro power produce much lower carbon emissions than traditional fossil fuel-based energy. Among renewable options, wind power stands out as having especially prominent low-carbon attributes since it generates fewer emissions than alternatives.
Bacterial cellulose/reduced graphene oxide bilayer films for moist-electric power generation
Bacterial cellulose/reduced graphene oxide bilayer films for moist-electric power generation† Moist-electric generatoris an emerging energy harvesting technology that converts the energy reserved in the ubiquitous atmospheric moisture into electricity. However, existing moist-electric generators (MEGs) as a direct power supply for practical applications remain challenging due to instantaneous and low electrical output, intricate procedures, and high energy-consuming materials.
Transcriptome-Based Spatiotemporal Analysis of Drought Response Mechanisms in Two Distinct Peanut Cultivars
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Content Analysis of Disaster Risk Reduction in Secondary School Geography Textbooks in China and the United States: Promoting Disaster Resilience through Geography Education
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Interstitial Defect Modulation Promotes Thermoelectric Properties of p-Type HfNiSn
The n-type MNiSn (M = Ti, Zr, or Hf) half-Heusler compounds are reported as promising medium- and high-temperature thermoelectric materials; however, their p-type counterparts have suffered from poor performance due to the in-gap state caused by Ni occupying the tetrahedral interstitials.
Fabrication of highly thermal conductive epoxy/graphite@La2O3 composite coating with anti‐erosion and mechanical flexibility
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description pc28943-sup-0001-Figures.docxWord 2007 document , 9.1 MB Figure S1. (a) and (b) the morphology of graphite flakes under SEM and TEM characterization, respectively. Figure S2. La2O3 nanoparticles dispersed with graphite surrounding around graphite. Figure S3. (a) and (b) are the surface morphology of EP/graphite composite coatings with 1.5 wt% and 2.5 wt% La2O3 nanoparticles.
A Genome-Wide Analysis of the Jasmonic Acid Biosynthesis Gene Families in Peanut Reveals Their Crucial Roles in Growth and Abiotic Stresses
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Phenyl Derivatives Modulate the Luminescent Properties and Stability of CzBTM-Type Radicals
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
A New Approach for Single-Phase-to-Ground Fault Detection in Mid-Voltage Systems Using Low-Voltage Sensors
1. Introduction In China’s 3~10 kV distribution networks, the neutral point is often left ungrounded or grounded through arc suppression coils, which are also referred to as low-current grounding systems [1,2]. As a critical link connecting the power system with end users, the characteristics of distribution networks dictate their vulnerability to external factors and internal equipment issues, rendering them more susceptible to faults compared to transmission networks.
A Transient Voltage-based Approach for Mid-voltage Fault Detection through Low-voltage Sensors
Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed Version 1 : Received: 18 March 2024 / Approved: 19 March 2024 / Online: 22 March 2024 (07:36:32 CET) ZHANG, M.; GUAN, X.; AI, X. A Transient Voltage-based Approach for Mid-voltage Fault Detection through Low-voltage Sensors. Preprints 2024, 2024031099. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1099.v1 ZHANG, M.; GUAN, X.; AI, X. A Transient Voltage-based Approach for Mid-voltage Fault Detection through Low-voltage Sensors.
Decoding Black Bear Encounters on Social Media: Advanced NLP in Action with POS-tagging and DBSCAN
An Overview of Five Key POS-Tagging Techniques In the scenarios discussed earlier, pinpointing the grammatical roles of words in a text — like nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc. — is crucial for our data refinement task. This process is known as POS-tagging. There are five mainstream types of POS-tagging, which differ based on factors such as granularity level, data availability, performance requirements, and linguistic characteristics.
Utilizing NLP and ML for Insights into Human-Bear Interactions in California
Consider this scenario: you're exploring the silent forests of Yosemite or Sequoia, bathed in the gentle sunlight filtering through the trees. When you turn around, you might find an unexpected guest - a bear. Our analysis of the most common nouns and verbs associated with bear encounters reveals that these picturesque spots are frequent settings for such wild encounters, including winding trails, towering trees, misty mountains - and yes, even peaceful lakeside like Tahoe.
Intrinsic Highly Conductive and Mechanically Robust Li‐Rich Cathode Materials Enabled by Microstructure Engineering for Enhanced Electrochemical Properties
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description adfm202308494-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf3.8 MB Supporting Information adfm202308494-sup-0002-MovieS1.avi2.5 MB Supplemental Movie 1 References 1a) , , , , , , , , , , , , Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2005937; b) , , , , , Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1501010; c) , , J. Electrochem. Soc. 2015, 162, A2490. 2a) , , , , , , Nat. Chem. 2016, 8, 692; b) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 947.
Intrinsic Highly Conductive and Mechanically Robust Li‐Rich Cathode Materials Enabled by Microstructure Engineering for Enhanced Electrochemical Properties
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description adfm202308494-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf3.8 MB Supporting Information adfm202308494-sup-0002-MovieS1.avi2.5 MB Supplemental Movie 1 References 1a) , , , , , , , , , , , , Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2005937; b) , , , , , Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1501010; c) , , J. Electrochem. Soc. 2015, 162, A2490. 2a) , , , , , , Nat. Chem. 2016, 8, 692; b) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 947.
Network-constrained flexible ramping product provision of prosumer aggregator: a data-driven stochastic bi-level optimization
1 Introduction The expansion of renewable energy integration into the power grid has led to the de-committed of conventional units, exacerbating the scarcity of ramping resources in the power system (Wang and Hodge, 2017). According to the CAISO daily report dated 23 June 2023, the requirement of FRP during the 3 hours following 6 a.m. accounted for 40.4% of the peak load for that day (California Independent System Operator, 2023).
Enhancing the Thermoelectric Properties via Modulation of Defects in P‐Type MNiSn‐Based (M = Hf, Zr, Ti) Half‐Heusler Materials
1 Introduction Thermoelectric (TE) technology is regarded as an alternative and environmentally friendly technology for recovering waste heatand directly converting it into electrical energy.[1, 2] The conversion efficiency of a TE generator is mainly determined by the materials’ figure-of-merit (zT), zT = α2σT/(κe + κL + κbip), where α, σ, and T are the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, absolute temperature, and κe, κL and κbip are the electronic, lattice and bipolar thermal...
Improving the Luminescence and Stability of Carbon-Centered Radicals by Kinetic Isotope Effect
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Energies | Free Full-Text | Wellbore Stabilization Technology of “Fluid-Solid-Chemical Coupling” in Continental Shale Oil-A Case Study of Shale Oil in Block GL | HTML
Open AccessArticle by Xin Ai 1,2,* and Mian Chen 1 1 College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China 2 Daqing Oil Field Company Limited, Daqing 163000, China * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Visualizing the failure of solid electrolyte under GPa-level interface stress induced by lithium eruption - Nature Communications
Abstract Solid electrolytes hold the promise for enabling high-performance lithium (Li) metal batteries, but suffer from Li-filament penetration issues. The mechanism of this rate-dependent failure, especially the impact of the electrochemo-mechanical attack from Li deposition, remains elusive.
Conductive Polyaniline Doped with Phytic Acid as Binder and Conductive Additive for Commercial Silicon Anode with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties
Conductive Polyaniline Doped with Phytic Acid as Binder and Conductive Additive for Commercial Silicon Anode with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties Silicon (Si) has been regarded as a promising alternative anode to the commercial graphite anode for high performance lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of its ultrahigh theoretical capacity. However, the dramatic volume expansion during cycling and poor electronic conductivity of Si restrict its electrochemical performance.
Highly Efficient Deep-Blue OLEDs Based on Hybridized Local and Charge-Transfer Emitters Bearing Pyrene as the Structural Unit
Highly Efficient Deep-Blue OLEDs Based on Hybridized Local and Charge-Transfer Emitters Bearing Pyrene as the Structural Unit Caixia Fu, Shuai Luo, Zhenzhen Li, Xin Ai, Zhenguo Pang, Chuan Li, Kuan Chen, Liang Zhou, Feng Li, Yan Huang and Zhiyun Lu Abstract A new family of hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) emitters bearing pyrene structural unit has been developed.
Efficient radical-based light-emitting diodes with doublet emission
1. Tang, C. W. & VanSlyke, S. A. Organic electroluminescent diodes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913–915 (1987). 2. Burroughes, J. H. et al. Light-emitting diodes based on conjugated polymers. Nature 347, 539–541 (1990); correction 348, 352 (1990). 3. Baldo, M. A. et al. Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices. Nature 395, 151–154 (1998). 4. Ma, Y., Zhang, H., Shen, J. & Che, C. Electroluminescence from triplet metal-ligand charge-transfer excited state of transition metal complexes.
A Pure Red Luminescent β-Carboline-Substituented Biphenylmethyl Radical: Photophysics, Stability and OLEDs
Luminescent radicals, whose emission comes from the doublet exited state, have potential application in the field of organic optoelectronics.
A Stable Room-Temperature Luminescent Biphenylmethyl Radical
There is only one family of room-temperature luminescent radicals, the triphenylmethyl radicals, to date. Herein, we synthesize a new stable room-temperature luminescent radical, (N-carbazolyl)bis(2,4,6-tirchlorophenyl)methyl radical (CzBTM), which has improved properties compared to the triphenylmethyl radicals. X-ray crystallography, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements confirmed the radical structure.
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