Yingying Zhai

Abstract Toothbrushing is a fundamental oral hygiene behavior associated with differences in the composition of salivary microbiome, yet whether its relationship with microbial profiles differs across oral conditions remains unclear. In this study, 300 participants were initially enrolled, including healthy controls and patients with dental caries or dental fluorosis (100 per group). After exclusion of one fluorosis sample that failed sequencing, 299 unstimulated saliva samples were analyzed.

BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable haematological malignancy characterized by abnormal monoclonal plasma cell proliferation,1 predominantly affecting the elderly, with an incidence of approximately 1.03 per 100 000 annually in China.2 Chromosomal abnormalities, notably chromosome 14 translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene, hyperdiploidy and other copy number alterations,3, 4 significantly contribute to patient heterogeneity and disease progression.

A technique based on infrared digital holography with a U-shaped residual SE network driven by simulated hologram data is proposed for real-time and high-fidelity monitoring of crystal growth. This method achieves high-quality reconstruction with accurate amplitude and phase information, enhanced noise suppression, and resolution, offering a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach for non-destructive crystal growth observation. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group.