Yiying Jiao

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous freshwater contaminants, yet their combined effects with humic acid (HA) on phytoplankton remain poorly understood. This study investigated the physiological and metabolic responses of Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to polystyrene microplastics (PS) (0.1 µm and 1.0 µm; 0.5–50 mg/L) with or without HA (5 mg/L). PS exposure promoted chlorophyll a (Chl a) synthesis but induced oxidative stress and enhanced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion.

1 Introduction Red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii is one of the most important invasive species worldwide, the only alien freshwater crayfish introduced in China since 1930s (Chen et al., 2017; Oficialdegui et al., 2020). It is a popular aquatic product in China and is cultured in more than 20 provinces with an area larger than 1.46 million hectares (Yuan et al., 2022).

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.