Andrea Carai

1Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Latium, 00165, Italy 2Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Latium, 00165, Italy 3Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Latium, 00165, Italy 4Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Latium, 00165, Italy 5Predictive and Preventive Medicine...

Introduction Over 20 years ago the concept of precision medicine was introduced to the public through an insightful article first published in the Wall Street Journal and reprinted in The Oncologist (1). In essence, precision medicine is the selection of an effective treatment for a patient’s disease based upon an understanding of the patient’s individual genetics.

Introduction Pediatric diencephalic tumors comprise a cluster of intracranial neoplasms representing histopathologically diverse entities unified by their critical anatomical location within this central part of the brain, presenting challenges in their management from the outset. The diencephalon sits above the midbrain, between the two cerebral hemispheres, its structures encompassing the third ventricle.