Benhur Lee

Editor’s summary Abstract Supplementary Materials REFERENCES AND NOTES Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Check Access References Figures Tables Media Share Editor’s summary Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are zoonotic pathogens with high mortality rates in humans and other mammals. There are currently no approved human vaccines or therapeutics for those infected with these deadly pathogens. Here, Guzmán-Solís et al.

Abstract Recognition of foreign RNA is critical for the innate immune response to viruses. Interferon (IFN)-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFIT) 2 and 3 are highly upregulated following viral infection, but mechanistic insight into their antiviral role is lacking. Here we demonstrate that short 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs), a characteristic of many viral mRNAs, can serve as a molecular pattern for innate immune recognition via IFIT2 and IFIT3.

Abstract Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 is a viral endoribonuclease (EndoU) with a preference for uridine residues. CoV Nsp15 is an innate immune antagonist which prevents dsRNA sensor recognition and stress granule formation by targeting viral and host RNAs. SARS-CoV-2 restricts and delays the host antiviral innate immune responses through multiple viral proteins, but the role of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 in innate immune evasion is not completely understood.