Guomei Tang

All research conducted for this study complies with all relevant ethical regulations including IACUC approval protocol #s AUP-18-155 and, ASRC-2022-1 and the Columbia University IRB protocol # AAAT2895. Human brain tissues from HD and non-HD patient autopsies, which were diagnosed based on accepted neuropathological criteria, were obtained from the New York Brain Bank. All brains were donated after consent from the next of kin or an individual with legal authority to grant such permission.

Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral phenotypes including autism, Asperger’s syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, communication, and language, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 1994).