In August 1986, a stomach ulcer medication called Cytotec arrived on pharmacy shelves across Brazil. It came in a small box, and on the label, printed clearly, was a warning: do not take it if you are pregnant because it can cause miscarriage. Abortion had been illegal in Brazil since 1890, so women who needed one faced a brutal menu of options that were dangerous, expensive, and often deadly. In fact, unsafe abortions were one of the leading causes of maternal death in the country.