1 Introduction How do people who witness those in their organization being subjected to acts of workplace bullying respond and what factors shape their responses? Workplace bullying, defined as repeatedly “harassing, offending, or socially excluding someone or negatively affecting someone's work” (S. Einarsen et al. 2011, p. 22), is a harmful social issue which is documented in nearly all occupational and national contexts (León-Pérez et al. 2021).