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Articles by Lei Pan
AI-Mediated Multimodal Reading Education for EFL Learners: Effects on Students' Enjoyment and Engagement
1 Introduction Developing second/foreign language (L2) reading comprehension requires explicit instruction, sustained practice and timely feedback, making it a central concern in contemporary instructional design (Derakhshan and Solhi 2025; Derakhshan et al. 2025; Okkinga et al. 2018; Serrano-Mendizábal et al. 2023).
[2609.26453] Hilbert-space fragmentation selects channels of strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking
Strong-to-weak spontaneous symmetry breaking (SWSSB) can occur in a maximally mixed charge sector even when ordinary charged correlations vanish. We study this order when a charge sector splits into dynamically disconnected fragments. In a one-dimensional $t$-$J_z$ chain with species-resolved dephasing, each fragment is labeled by a conserved spin word.
When fear disrupts growth: Modeling the economic toll of terror on tourism
This paper develops a dynamic Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans (RCK) model to analyse the macroeconomic impact of terrorism-induced fear on tourism and growth. We introduce a behavioural mechanism where households’ utility from tourism consumption is distorted by a time-varying security perception index, , which declines following terrorist attacks. This fear channel reduces savings and investment, slowing capital accumulation and long-run growth.
Intercropping with Areca catechu reshapes flavor of Hainan Dayezhong white tea via microenvironment modulation
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of intercropping areca trees on the growth of Hainan Dayezhong tea plants and the flavor development of white tea, with monocultured tea plants serving as the control. The results demonstrated that intercropping reduced solar irradiation within the tea plantation and significantly enriched beneficial soil microbial taxa, including Acidobacteriota and Actinomycetota.
Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Inflammation and the Formation of Exhaled Volatile Organic Compound Profiles in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome: A Narrative Review
Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, intermittent hypoxia (IH), and sleep fragmentation, and is associated with oxidative stress, chronic low-grade inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and upper airway remodeling.
Responses of Soil Properties and Microbial Communities to Long-Term Winter Land-Use Systems in the Erhai Lake Basin
1 Introduction Soil health underpins agricultural productivity and ecological resilience, yet it is increasingly threatened by nutrient depletion, structural degradation, and intensive land use (Fierer et al. 2021; Ros et al. 2022). Most management research has focused on the main growing season, leaving the winter interval between harvest and the next planting comparatively understudied.
The ageing microenvironment in sarcopenia: early alterations and targeted therapeutic strategies
Abstract Sarcopenia is a progressive skeletal muscle disorder associated with ageing and characterized by declines in muscle strength, mass and function. Increasing evidence suggests that its development is not driven solely by myofiber atrophy or impaired protein metabolism, but also by early remodeling of the ageing skeletal muscle microenvironment.
Multiscale evaluation of collagen-stimulating materials: linking physicochemical properties to dermal regeneration outcomes
Abstract Biostimulatory dermal fillers are widely used for skin rejuvenation, but how particle physicochemical properties regulate fibroblast–macrophage interactions and collagen remodeling remains unclear.
The Unintended Consequences of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes on Sales and Prices of Beer Beverages
1 Introduction Combating overweight and obesity has become a major policy concern worldwide. In 2016, the estimated medical costs attributable to obesity in the US reached at least $126 billion (Van Den Broek-Altenburg et al. 2022).
Multimodal Deep Learning Integrating Electrocardiography and Chest Radiography Enhances Prediction of Incident Regurgitant Valvular Heart Disease
The authors have declared no competing interest. I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.
High-Rate Spectrally Resolved X-ray Photon Counting with CsPbBr 3 Single-Crystal Perovskite Detectors Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Cite Jump to ExpandCollapse LetterJuly 22, 2026 High-Rate Spectrally Resolved X-ray Photon Counting with CsPbBr3 Single-Crystal Perovskite Detectors Click to copy article linkArticle link copied! Khasim Saheb Bayikadi Khasim Saheb Bayikadi Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States Lei Pan Lei Pan Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States Sujita Karki Sujita Karki Department of...
Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Inflammation and the Formation of Exhaled Volatile Organic Compound Profiles in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome: A Narrative Review
Back to Journals » Nature and Science of Sleep » Volume 18 Authors Wang Y , Pan L Received 3 July 2026 Accepted for publication 1 September 2026 Published 10 September 2026 Volume 2026:18 637656 DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S637656 Checked for plagiarism Yes Review by Single anonymous peer review Peer reviewer comments 2 Editor who approved publication: Dr Marco Veneruso Yang Wang,1,2 Lei Pan2 1The Graduate School, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China;...
An interpretable AutoML-based prediction model for enteral nutrition intolerance in severe pulmonary tuberculosis patients and development of a clinical decision system
Abstract Objective: This study aims to construct an AutoML-based predictive model for enteral nutrition intolerance (ENI) in severe pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and develop a visualized clinical decision support system to inform personalized nutrition management. Methods: Using a multicenter retrospective cohort design, clinical data from 645 severe PTB patients were analyzed.
Clinical Outcomes of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Combined with Standardized Acupoint Application in Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Retrospective Study
Back to Journals » International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease » Volume 21 Authors Li B, Lu Y, Pan L, Xu X, Zhu W, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang B Received 13 June 2026 Accepted for publication 17 September 2026 Published 16 October 2026 Volume 2026:21 632735 DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S632735 Checked for plagiarism Yes Review by Single anonymous peer review Peer reviewer comments 2 Editor who approved publication: Prof.
Harmonizing mind acupuncture combined with nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco use disorder: a protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is recommended as a first-line treatment, its effectiveness is limited by persistent craving and withdrawal symptoms, resulting in high relapse rates. Acupuncture has been investigated as an adjunctive therapy; however, existing evidence is inconsistent and limited by methodological heterogeneity.
From Precursor Control to Active-Site Synergy: Rational Design of LaCu Hexaaluminate Catalysts for Efficient N 2 O Decomposition
1 Introduction Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas characterized by strong radiative forcing and an atmospheric lifetime exceeding 110 years [1]. With a 100-year global warming potential ≈273 times than that of CO2, it poses substantial risks for climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion [2]. A significant portion of anthropogenic N2O emissions originates from the manufacturing of bulk chemicals, particularly nitric acid and adipic acid [3, 4].
Research on overhead transmission line planning based on an improved A* algorithm
Abstract Efficient route planning for overhead transmission lines is crucial for reducing construction costs, ensuring operational safety, and improving environmental adaptability.
How cultural confidence shapes college students’ translation performance of culture-loaded words: quantitative evidence from China
Abstract College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) now prioritizes translating culture-loaded words to evaluate students’ cross-cultural proficiency, and cultural confidence is a key factor in cross-cultural communication, yet there is little quantitative evidence tying it to real-world translation performance. To address this gap, this study aims to explore cultural confidence level of contemporary college students and its impact on the translation performance of Chinese culture-loaded words.
Blockchain-empowered unified services for streamlined traceability implementation in food supply chain: a demonstration in Australian seafood traceability
Abstract Traceability is a key requirement for compliance in food supply chains, ensuring transparency, safety, and product authenticity across all stages of production and distribution. Although advanced technologies have been introduced to support compliance efforts, blockchain stands out for its potential to provide secure, tamper-proof, and verifiable traceability.
In Situ Elucidations of the Mechanism for Inert Molecular N 2 O Decomposition at Low Temperature Catalyzed by High-Index Interfacial Exposed Co 3 O 4
1 Introduction Nitrous Oxide (N2O), the third most significant greenhouse gas, possesses a warming potential approximately 298 times greater than that of CO2 and is expected to remain the primary ozone-depleting substance throughout the 21st century, causing harm to human beings [1-3]. Currently, direct catalytic decomposition of N2O to N2 and O2 is one of the most promising post-treatment technologies [4-7].
Spiritual Kung Fu (1978) - Film
Spiritual Kung Fu (1978) adalah film kung fu klasik Hong Kong yang dibintangi Jackie Chan bersama James Tien, Dean Shek, dan Kam Kong. Film ini menghadirkan cerita bela diri yang dibalut dengan komedi khas Jackie Chan, tentang seorang murid Shaolin yang ceroboh tetapi memiliki keberanian besar hingga akhirnya mempelajari teknik kung fu langka dari lima roh misterius. Cerita berpusat pada Yi-lang, seorang murid di Kuil Shaolin yang dikenal usil, cerewet, dan sering membuat masalah.
Multiferroic Orders and Piezoelectric Sensing in an Organic‐Inorganic Bismuth Halide
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description anie71747-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx9.6 MB Supporting File 1: anie71747-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx. anie71747-sup-0002-VideoS1.mp48.8 MB Supporting File 2: anie71747-sup-0002-Video S1.mp4.
Reliability-and-profit driven distributionally robust optimization for offshore renewable-thermal integration: A storage-free approach
ABSTRACT With the rapid global expansion of offshore wind and photovoltaic (PV) systems, integrating intermittent renewables into power grids has become a major challenge due to their variability and forecast uncertainty. To address these issues without relying on energy storage, this study proposes an integrated operation paradigm that coordinates thermal with reserve, offshore wind, and PV generation.
Why investors dump their Milwaukee low end rental properties?
I think Milwaukee gets a bad rap for being labeled as a "segregated" city. Milwaukee is very unique in that it is a city of neighborhoods, with each neighborhood holding on to its unique identity due to the people who live there. I personally like that. What I don't like is the poverty in the underprivileged neighborhoods, which sometimes can be perpetuated by landlords. NPR had a report on how the "system" can work against poor people when it comes to evictions.
METFAN: Multisource Enhanced Therapeutic Peptide Function Prediction via Adapter Network
1. Introduction Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Therapeutic peptides are a class of bioactive molecules composed of short amino acid chains. They play pivotal roles in essential biological processes such as immune regulation, anti-infection responses, hormonal signaling, and apoptosis.
Defect-Driven Electrochemical Domain Modulation in Prussian Blue Revealed by Single-Entity Analysis
Abstract Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Electrochemical domains, defined as the spatial region of the electrode material where charge transfer occurs, are central to charge storage and electrocatalysis. In Prussian Blue (PB), a prototypical mixed-valence framework, these domains extend throughout the three-dimensional lattice and are shaped by structural accessibility and defect distribution.
Alkaline Earth Metal‐Based Hybrid Organic‐Inorganic Perovskite‐Like Ferroelectrics
Conflict of Interests The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description anie202509006-supp-0001-SuppMat.docx10.3 MB Supporting Information anie202509006-supp-0002-SuppMat.zip547.6 KB Supporting Information References 1, , , , , , , , , , , , Nature 2013, 503, 509–512. 2, , , Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 3036–3103. 3, , , , Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1801996. 4, , , , Matter 2021, 4, 144–163. 5, , , , , , Energy Environ. Sci. 2019, 12, 442–462. 6, , , , , , , , , , , Adv. Mater.
Causal Relationship Between Depression and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis
CI confidence intervals GWAS genome-wide association study IVW inverse variance weighted MAOIs Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors MR Mendelian randomization MR-PRESSO Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier OR Odds ratios Q Cochran's Q Statistic SNPs Single nucleotide polymorphisms SNRIs Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors SSRIs Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors TBI Traumatic brain injury TCAs Tricyclic Antidepressants 1 Introduction TBI is caused by external...
LightLiveAuth: A Lightweight Continuous Authentication Model for Virtual Reality
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Synergistic Effects of Cerium and Magnesium on Optimizing Electrical Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of AlSi3 Cast Alloys
1 Introduction Al-cast alloys are of great interest in automotive applications because of their high specific strength, excellent castability, and recyclability. Emerging electric vehicles require cast alloys that exhibit high strength and electrical conductivity (EC).[1-4] In general, designing a castable Al alloy with high EC and strength is challenging because the three properties of castability, strength, and EC are mutually exclusive in most cases.
Clinical characteristics and mortality risk factors in patients with t
Back to Journals » Infection and Drug Resistance » Volume 18 Authors Pan X, Zheng J, Xu J, Pan L, Wang C, Huang X , Qiu J, Yan C, Mao M Received 24 March 2025 Accepted for publication 18 June 2025 Published 17 July 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 3535—3542 DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S530186 Checked for plagiarism Yes Review by Single anonymous peer review Peer reviewer comments 3 Editor who approved publication: Prof.
OVSLT: Advancing Sign Language Translation with Open Vocabulary
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Acute lung injury induced by recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit S1 in mice - Respiratory Research
Rabbit monoclonal antibodies ZO-1 (ab276131) and Occludin (ab216327) were acquired from Abcam Biotechnology Ltd. (United Kingdom). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies IL-6 (DF6087), IL-1β (AF5103), TNF-α (AF7014), Phospho-NF-kB p65 (AF2006), and claudin 5 (AF5216) were purchased from Affinity Biosciences Ltd. (USA). Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L, BF488 conjugated (bs-0295G-BF488), and Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L, BF594 conjugated (bs-0295G-BF594) were purchased from Bioss Co. Ltd. (USA).
CCL19+ Fibroblasts Promote Tertiary Lymphoid Structure in Oral Lichen Planus: A Retrospective Study
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description odi15266-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docxWord 2007 document , 1.5 MB Appendix S1.. References , and . 2015. “Understanding High Endothelial Venules: Lessons for Cancer Immunology.” Oncoimmunology 4, no. 6: e1008791. , , , , and . 2010. “Oral Lichen Planus: Clinical Features, Etiology, Treatment and Management; a Review of Literature.” Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 4, no.
SMCNet: State-Space Model for Enhanced Corruption Robustness in 3D Classification
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Maternal and cord blood levels of metals and fetal liver function
Environmental pollution is a critical global issue with significant implications for human health, particularly during vulnerable periods such as pregnancy (Ghaffari et al., 2017; Abareshi et al., 2020; Dominski et al., 2021; Shang et al., 2021). Toxic elements represent a subset of environmental pollutants that pose serious risks to maternal and fetal health (Lefta et al., 2024).
HSP90 Complex From OLP Lesion Induces T‐Cell Polarization via Activation of Dendritic Cells
Corresponding Author Guoyao Tang College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School...
Impact of Combined Zr, Ti, and V Additions on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermomechanical Fatigue Behavior of Al-Cu Cast Alloys
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Importing to feed international tourists: Growth implications for islands across the globe
Ayuda Buscar en la ayuda Buscar en la ayuda Importing to feed international tourists: Growth implications for islands across the globe Francis Baidoo [1] ; Lei Pan [2] ; Vera Ogeh Lassey Fiador [3] ; Elikplimi Komla Agbloyor [3] [1] Koforidua Technical University, Ghana [2] Monash University, Australia [3] University of Ghana Business School, Ghana Localización: Tourism economics: the business and finance of tourism and recreation, ISSN 1354-8166, Vol. 30, Nº. 7 (Noviembre), 2024, págs.
Influence of Si on the Elevated-Temperature Mechanical and Creep Properties of Al-Cu 224 Cast Alloys during Thermal Exposure
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
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