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Articles by Patrick Sullivan
The association of schizophrenia polygenic scores with continuously-hospitalized, treatment-resistant schizophrenia
Abstract More than 20% of individuals with schizophrenia show minimal or no response to antipsychotic medications and little is known about genetic contributions to more severe forms of illness. This study sought to explore if cases with continuously-hospitalized, treatment-resistant schizophrenia (CH-TRS) carry a higher burden of common genetic variants compared to less severe forms.
Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir Use and Persistence Over 2 Years
Supplement 1. eTable 1. LAI-CAB and PrEP persistence (assessed triannually) stratified by sociodemographic variables in the US, 2022-2024, among persons with at least 1 year of follow-up (n=12,118) and at least 2 years of follow-up (n=3,381) eTable 2. LAI-CAB and PrEP persistence (assessed annually) stratified by sociodemographic variables in the US, 2022-2024, among persons with at least 1 year of follow-up (n=12,118) and at least 2 years of follow-up (n=3,381) eTable 3.
Developmentally dynamic, non-convergent transcriptomic profiles in CNV models for schizophrenia risk
Abstract Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder with significant genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Although numerous rare copy number variations (CNVs) with high risk for schizophrenia have been identified, they show no obvious overlap in gene content or function. We hypothesized that the downstream effects of schizophrenia-associated CNVs converge on shared molecular pathways.
Permafrost thaw controls iron flux from wetlands and sulfide-bearing rocks to Arctic rivers and streams
Abstract Recent warming has caused widespread iron mobilization into Arctic waterbodies that degrades ecosystems and threatens natural resources. Yet, understanding where and when iron flux occurs remains limited. Here, we investigate iron loading across regional to local scales in Arctic Alaska using climate, water chemistry, and borehole data together with mapped geology and permafrost presence.
Human brain prefrontal cortex proteomics identifies compromised energy metabolism and neuronal function in Schizophrenia - Nature Communications
Abstract Understanding the pathophysiological substrates of schizophrenia is a major challenge for current neuropsychiatric research. As part of a set of multi-omics experiments, we performed an extensive case-control proteomics study on 192 post-mortem tissue sections from prefrontal cortex from 96 individuals, including 47 cases with schizophrenia and 49 healthy controls.
Tau pathology reprograms glucose metabolism to support cortical hyperexcitability, excitatory/inhibitory imbalance, and sleep loss - npj Dementia
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not only defined by amyloid-β and tau pathology but by early metabolic disruptions and hyperexcitability. How tau independently reshapes the coupling of metabolism-excitability to impact processes like sleep remains unclear. Here, hyperphosphorylated tau preserves whole-body metabolic function while driving cortical hyperexcitability and sleep loss in mouse models of tauopathy.
Genome-wide association analyses identify distinct genetic architectures for early-onset and late-onset depression - Nature Genetics
Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and heterogeneous disorder of complex etiology. Studying more homogeneous groups stratified according to clinical characteristics, such as age of onset, can improve the identification of the underlying genetic causes and lead to more targeted treatment strategies.
Associations of polygenic risk scores for major depression and depression severity: an investigation of 105 623 individuals with 16 years follow-up - Molecular Psychiatry
Abstract Genetic risk could be informative for identifying individuals at risk of depression with severe outcomes. With the novel approach of combined health care registries and self-report measures related to depression, the authors aimed to identify the impact of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for major depression on self report measures and a diagnosis of depression across diagnostic thresholds.
Experimental deepening of the winter snowpack reduces fine root standing crop at treelines in northwest Alaska
Supporting Information Filename Description nph70554-sup-0001-Supinfo.pdfPDF document, 15.1 MB Fig. S1 Images from the wet sedge site. Fig. S2 Images from the tussock tundra site. Fig. S3 Images from the Dryas-lichen tundra site. Fig. S4 Example of a drift formed downwind of a snowfence around a focal tree at our tussock tundra treeline site. Fig. S5 Histogram of nearest neighbor distances among all of our study trees. Fig.
Genome-wide association meta-analysis and rare copy number variant analysis of treatment-resistant depression - Molecular Psychiatry
Longitudinal Surveillance of COVID-19 Antibodies in Pediatric Healthcare Workers
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Physicochemical Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid‐Methylcellulose Semi‐Gels for Mitochondria Transplantation
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description jbmb35537-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxWord 2007 document , 509 KB Figure S1. Figure S2. Figure S3. jbmb35537-sup-0002-VideoS1.mp4MPEG-4 video, 7.3 MB Video S1. jbmb35537-sup-0003-VideoS2.mp4MPEG-4 video, 6.1 MB Video S2. References 1, , , and , “Costs of Care Following Spinal Cord Injury,” Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation 16, no. 4 (2011): 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1310/sci1604-1.
The X chromosome’s influences on the human brain
Abstract Genes on the X chromosome are extensively expressed in the human brain. However, little is known for the X chromosome’s impact on the brain anatomy, microstructure, and functional networks. We examined 1045 complex brain imaging traits from 38,529 participants in the UK Biobank. We unveiled potential autosome–X chromosome interactions while proposing an atlas outlining dosage compensation for brain imaging traits.
The genetics of severe depression - Molecular Psychiatry
Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of major depressive disorder (MDD) have recently achieved extremely large sample sizes and yielded substantial numbers of genome-wide significant loci. Because of the approach to ascertainment and assessment in many of these studies, some of these loci appear to be associated with dysphoria rather than with MDD, potentially decreasing the clinical relevance of the findings.
Whole genome sequencing study of identical twins discordant for psychosis - Translational Psychiatry
Abstract Monozygotic (MZ) twins are often thought to have identical genomes, but recent work has shown that early post-zygotic events can result in a spectrum of DNA variants that are different between MZ twins. Such variants may explain phenotypic discordance and contribute to disease etiology. Here we performed whole genome sequencing in 17 pairs of MZ twins discordant for a psychotic disorder (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder).
Schizophrenia genomics: genetic complexity and functional insights - Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Abstract Determining the causes of schizophrenia has been a notoriously intractable problem, resistant to a multitude of investigative approaches over centuries. In recent decades, genomic studies have delivered hundreds of robust findings that implicate nearly 300 common genetic variants (via genome-wide association studies) and more than 20 rare variants (via whole-exome sequencing and copy number variant studies) as risk factors for schizophrenia.
Distinct biological signature and modifiable risk factors underlie the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease - Nature Cardiovascular Research
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Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. Here we show that CVDs share most of their genetic risk factors with MDD. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD revealed seven loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments, suggesting the involvement of the thalamus.
By Jacob Bergstedt, Ziyan Ma, Shuyang Yao, Nadine Staples Parker, Oleksandr Frei, Joeri J. Meijsen, Alfonso Buil, Thomas Werge, Jens Hjerling-Leffler, Thomas D. Als, Anders D. Børglum, Cathryn M. Lewis, Andrew McIntosh, Andrew Mcintosh, Unnur Valdimarsdóttir, Ole A. Andreassen, Patrick Sullivan, Yi Lu
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Nature
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(Up)Grading: A (Re)Humanizing Assessment Process with a Focus on Feedback
1. Introduction In the quest for teaching mathematics for understanding, the connection between learning and assessment often becomes disjointed if the assessment practices are based on compliance and completion. The call for assessment practices of teacher candidates that mirror K-12 began in the 1990s [1] as standards-based instruction became the focus. The standards-based movement was grounded in learning theory and environments that support constructivist practices [2].
Pixel walking along the boreal forest–Arctic tundra ecotone: Large scale ground‐truthing of satellite‐derived greenness (NDVI)
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Supporting Information Filename Description gcb17374-sup-0001-DataS1.pdfPDF document, 1.8 MB Data S1. gcb17374-sup-0002-DataS2.pdfPDF document, 11.1 MB Data S2. REFERENCES , , , , , & (2016). Using ordinary digital cameras in place of near-infrared sensors to derive vegetation indices for phenology studies of high arctic vegetation. Remote Sensing, 8(10), 847.
Metal mobilization from thawing permafrost to aquatic ecosystems is driving rusting of Arctic streams - Communications Earth & Environment
Abstract Climate change in the Arctic is altering watershed hydrologic processes and biogeochemistry. Here, we present an emergent threat to Arctic watersheds based on observations from 75 streams in Alaska’s Brooks Range that recently turned orange, reflecting increased loading of iron and toxic metals. Using remote sensing, we constrain the timing of stream discoloration to the last 10 years, a period of rapid warming and snowfall, suggesting impairment is likely due to permafrost thaw.
Equity of PrEP uptake by race, ethnicity, sex and region in the United States in the first decade of PrEP: a population-based analysis
Research in context Pre-exposure prophylaxis is effective at reducing the risk of acquiring HIV when taken consistently and correctly. However, in the first decade of its availability for clinical use, uptake has been limited, and data about uptake in specific groups of Americans (e.g., women, Black and Hispanic people) suggest that uptake might be inequitable.
Sediment quality classification in freshwater lakes predicted by the history of treatment with copper‐based aquatic algaecides
CONFLICT OF INTEREST The authors declare no conflicts of interest. REFERENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , & (2010). Recreational exposure to microcystins during algal blooms in two California lakes. Toxicon, 55(5), 909–921. , , , & (2016). Effects of copper in sediments on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in tropical reservoirs. Limnetica, 35(1), 103–116. , & (1992). Copper in sediments from Steilacoom Lake, Pierce County, Washington (Waterbody Report No. WA=12=9080).
Adherence and Persistence of HIV Pre‐Exposure Prophylaxis use in the United States
Supporting Information Filename Description pds5729-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxWord 2007 document , 79.6 KB Data S1: Supporting Information
War Books: Math for the Military Masses
Editor’s note: Welcome to another installment of our weekly War Books series! The premise is simple and straightforward. We ask an expert on a particular topic to recommend five books on that topic and tell us what sets each one apart. War Books is a resource for MWI readers who want to learn more about important subjects related to modern war and are looking for books to add to their reading lists.
Title: Leveraging Base Pair Mammalian Constraint to Understand Genetic Variation and Human Disease
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis in the era of emerging methods for men who have sex with men in the USA: the HIV Prevention Cycle of Care model
1. Grant RM Lama JR Anderson PL et al. Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men. N Engl J Med. 2010; 363: 2587-2599 2. 2. FDA approves first drug for reducing the risk of sexually acquired HIV infection. 3. Molina J-M Charreau I Spire B et al. Efficacy, safety, and effect on sexual behaviour of on-demand pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV in men who have sex with men: an observational cohort study. Lancet HIV. 2017; 4: e402-e410 4. Landovitz RJ Donnell D Clement M et al.
Agents of Change: Modeling Two-Year College English Teachers' Change Resilience and Saturation during COVID and (we hope) Beyond
Keywords Community College English faculty Change resilience change saturation How to Cite Suh, E. K., Griffiths, B. M., Tinocco, L., Sullivan, P., & Synder, S. (2022). Agents of Change: Modeling Two-Year College English Teachers’ Change Resilience and Saturation during COVID and (we hope) Beyond. Radical Teacher, 124, 51–64.
Dysregulation of Synaptic and Developmental Transcriptomic/Proteomic Profiles upon Depletion of MUNC18-1
Abstract Absence of presynaptic protein MUNC18-1 (gene: Stxbp1) leads to neuronal cell death at an immature stage before synapse formation. Here, we performed transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of immature Stxbp1 knock-out (KO) cells to discover which cellular processes depend on MUNC18-1. Hippocampi of Stxbp1 KO mice showed cell type-specific dysregulation of 2123 transcripts primarily related to synaptic transmission and immune response.
Sufficient conditions for rapid range expansion of a boreal conifer - Nature
Abstract Unprecedented modern rates of warming are expected to advance boreal forest into Arctic tundra1, thereby reducing albedo2,3,4, altering carbon cycling4 and further changing climate1,2,3,4, yet the patterns and processes of this biome shift remain unclear5. Climate warming, required for previous boreal advances6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17, is not sufficient by itself for modern range expansion of conifers forming forest–tundra ecotones5,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20.
Genome-wide association studies in psychiatry: what have we learned?
Crossref Citations This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by CrossRef. Paschos, Dimitrios Bass, Nick and Strydom, André 2014. Handbook of Psychopathology in Intellectual Disability. p. 109. CrossRef Google Scholar Alawieh, Ali Sabra, Zahraa Nokkari, Amaly El-Assaad, Atlal Mondello, Stefania Zaraket, Fadi Fadlallah, Bilal and Kobeissy, Firas H. 2014. Clinical Bioinformatics. Vol. 1168, Issue. , p. 157.
Familial risk and heritability of intellectual disability: a population‐based cohort study in Sweden
Abstract Background Intellectual disability (ID) aggregates in families, but factors affecting individual risk and heritability estimates remain unknown. Methods A population-based family cohort study of 4,165,785 individuals born 1973–2013 in Sweden, including 37,787 ID individuals and their relatives. The relative risks (RR) of ID with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained from stratified Cox proportional-hazards models.
What You Net Depends on if You Grab: A Meta-analysis of Sampling Method’s Impact on Measured Aquatic Microplastic Concentration
Microplastic pollution is measured with a variety of sampling methods. Field experiments indicate that commonly used sampling methods, including net, pump, and grab samples, do not always result in equivalent measured concentration. We investigate the comparability of these methods through a meta-analysis of 121 surface water microplastic studies.
Ending HIV in the USA: integrating social determinants of health - Authors' reply
in the In their response to our call to actionLancet Series on HIV in the USA, Courtenay Sprague and Sara E Simon argue that biomedical solutions alone have failed, and will continue to fail, to control the HIV epidemic in the USA and that policy must include efforts to address the social determinants of health. We concur, and believe that the Series on HIV in the USA highlights these important concerns.
The epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Africa: a scoping review
1. Peterson RE Kuchenbaecker K Walters RK et al. Genome-wide association studies in ancestrally diverse populations: opportunities, methods, pitfalls, and recommendations. Cell. 2019; 179: 589-603 2. Hindorff LA Bonham VL Brody LC et al. Prioritizing diversity in human genomics research. Nat Rev Genet. 2018; 19: 175-185 3. Lee SH Ripke S Neale BM et al. Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs. Nat Genet. 2013; 45: 984-994 4.
Tightening Anchorage’s leash law would only create more problems
For decades, thousands of Anchorage residents have regularly exercised their dogs off-leash on municipal multi-use trails. Incidents involving off-leash dogs do occur, but they are rare and probably no more common than conflicts among other user groups (bikers vs. runners, equestrians vs. skijorers, etc.). The proposed changes to the Anchorage leash law would make exercising with an off-leash dog an illegal activity, subject to a fine.
Wrestling takes down No. 24 Army in West Point
Wrestling Trampe, Day earn major decisions in strong team performance By Patrick Sullivan - January 25, 2021 In an impressive performance against a nationally ranked opponent, the Binghamton wrestling team continued its strong start to the season with a 23-10 victory over Army on Saturday afternoon. The Black Knights (1-1) are ranked No. 24 by InterMat, but the Bearcats (3-0) earned wins in seven of the the 10 bouts.
Divergence of Arctic shrub growth associated with sea ice decline
You May Also be Interested in Se-Jin Lee and Emily Germain-Lee explain a way to preserve bone and muscle mass during spaceflight. Researchers report a method for radiant cooling, which cools individuals in humid conditions without convective cooling of air, thus reducing energy demands. Image credit: Eric Teitelbaum, et al. Profile of NAS member and environmental scientist Joel D. Blum Image credit: Alec Tremaine (photographer).
HIV in the USA: priorities for the new administration
President-elect Joe Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris were elected at an extraordinary moment in US history, with the COVID-19 pandemic surging, severe social and economic strain, and a reckoning over racial injustice. COVID-19 has revealed the structural weaknesses of the US health-care system and our millions of uninsured and underinsured people.
Labile carbon limits late winter microbial activity near Arctic treeline
Abstract Soil microbial communities remain active during much of the Arctic winter, despite deeply frozen soils. Overwinter microbial activity affects the global carbon (C) budget, nutrient cycling, and vegetation composition. Microbial respiration is highly temperature sensitive in frozen soils, as liquid water and solute availability decrease rapidly with declining temperature. Climate warming and changes in snowpack are leading to warmer Arctic winter soils.
Utility of a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) label indication for condoms for anal sex
RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access) Aaron J. Siegler A G , Lauren Ahlschlager A , Elizabeth M. Rosenthal B C , Patrick S. Sullivan B , Colleen F. Kelley D , Eli S. Rosenberg B C , Travis H. Sanchez B , Reneé H. Moore E , C. Christina Mehta E and Michael P. Cecil F + Author Affiliations - Author Affiliations A Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Silver bullets and structural impediments to HIV prevention
For HIV prevention, the past decade has been the best of times and the worst of times. Modern antiretroviral treatment effectively prevents HIV transmission, , 2 Rodger AJ Cambiano V Bruun T et al. Sexual activity without condoms and risk of HIV transmission in serodifferent couples when the HIV-positive partner is using suppressive antiretroviral therapy. JAMA. 2016; 316 : 171-181 and tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) works extremely well when used consistently.
Connective tissue fibroblasts from highly regenerative mammals are refractory to ROS-induced cellular senescence
Abstract A surveillance system in mammals constantly monitors cell activity to protect against aberrant proliferation in response to damage, injury and oncogenic stress. Here we isolate and culture connective tissue fibroblasts from highly regenerative mammals (Acomys and Oryctolagus) to determine how these cells interpret signals that normally induce cellular senescence in non-regenerating mammals (Mus and Rattus).
The Genomics of Electroconvulsive Therapy International Consortium (GenECT-ic)
1 Lesch KP Gene-environment interaction and the genetics of depression. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2004; 29: 174-184 little is known about the genomic underpinnings of the most severe forms of depression and the neurobiology of response to treatments, such as electroconvulsive therapy, in patients for whom other treatments have been unsuccessful.
The disconnect between individual-level and population-level HIV prevention benefits of antiretroviral treatment
Summary In 2019, the HIV pandemic is growing and soon over 40 million people will be living with HIV. Effective population-based approaches to decrease HIV incidence are as relevant as ever given modest reductions observed over the past decade. Treatment as prevention is often heralded as the path to improve HIV outcomes and to reduce HIV incidence.
Modeling the joint effects of adolescent and adult PrEP for sexual minority males in the United States
Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Deven T. Hamilton , Eli S. Rosenberg, Samuel M. Jenness, Patrick S. Sullivan, Li Yan Wang, Richard L. Dunville, Lisa C. Barrios, Maria Aslam, Steven M. Goodreau Deven T. Hamilton, Eli S. Rosenberg, Samuel M. Jenness, Patrick S. Sullivan, Li Yan Wang, Richard L. Dunville, Lisa C. Barrios, Maria Aslam, Steven M.
Uncovering the Genetic Architecture of Major Depression
There have been several recent studies addressing the genetic architecture of depression. This review serves to take stock of what is known now about the genetics of depression, how it has increased our knowledge and understanding of its mechanisms, and how the information and knowledge can be leveraged to improve the care of people affected.
Defining the Genetic, Genomic, Cellular, and Diagnostic Architectures of Psychiatric Disorders
Abrahams B.S. Geschwind D.H. Advances in autism genetics: on the threshold of a new neurobiology. Nat. Rev. Genet. 2008; 9: 341-355 Antilla V. Bulik-Sullivan B. Finucane H.K. Walters R.K. Bras J. Duncan L. Escott-Price V. Falcone G.J. Gormley P. Malik R. et al. Brainstorm Consortium Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain. Science. 2018; 360 Arnold C.D. Gerlach D. Stelzer C. Boryń L.M. Rath M. Stark A. Genome-wide quantitative enhancer activity maps identified by STARR-seq. Science.
The Economic Impact of Payer Policies after the Rx‐to‐OTC Switch of Second‐Generation Antihistamines*
ABSTRACT Objective: As a result of the over‐the‐counter (OTC) introduction of loratadine, health plans have been struggling to determine the best policy to incorporate this change within their existing drug benefit structure for second‐generation antihistamines (SGA). The objective of this study was to examine the economic impact of payer policies in response to the Rx‐to‐OTC switch of loratadine.
Progress in the HIV epidemic: Identifying goals and measuring success
Loading metrics Open Access Collection Review Collection Review Collection Review articles synthesize in narrative form the best available evidence on a topic. Submission of Collection Review articles is by invitation only, and they are only published as part of a PLOS Collection as agreed in advance by the PLOS Medicine Editors. See all article types » Jeb Jones , Patrick S. Sullivan, James W. Curran Jeb Jones, Patrick S. Sullivan, James W.
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