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Articles by Ray Borrow
Hypervirulent serogroup W meningococcal strain belonging to the ST-11 clonal complex is associated with higher case fatality rates: nationwide cohort study of invasive meningococcal disease caused by serogroup W in England from 2010-2019
Keywords Invasive meningococcal diease Epidemiology MenW Introduction Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [1]. Twelve distinct meningococcal serogroups are known and six are responsible for nearly all IMD worldwide (A, B, C, W, X and Y). The most common clinical presentations with IMD are meningitis and/or septicaemia but other manifestations include pneumonia and septic arthritis [2].
Safety and immunogenicity of concomitant quadrivalent meningococcus ACYW-TT and meningococcus group B vaccines
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Abstract Infants are vulnerable to meningococcal disease. In this open-label phase III study (NCT03632720; registered 13/8/2018), infants were randomised to quadrivalent ACWY conjugated vaccine, MenACYW-TT, at 3 and 12–13 months and four-component meningococcus group B vaccine (4CMenB) at 2, 4, and 12–13 months (Group 1), MenACYW-TT at 3 and 12–13 months and 4CMenB at 2 and 4 months (Group 2), or 4CMenB at 2, 4, and 12–13 months (Group 3). Routine vaccines were also administered per UK schedule.
By Monica McArthur, Adam Finn, Lawrence Barnes, Katrina Cathie, Eva P. Galiza, Paul Heaton, Nicholas Jacobsen, Stephen Jones, Siân Ludman, Patrick Moore, Clare Murray, Daniel Owens, Ray Borrow, Julie Chaix, Youjun Huang, Olga Syrkina, Betzana Zambrano, Mandeep Singh Dhingra, Christine Rehm, Richard Burkimsher, Alexander Trotman, Arlette Delgado, Estelle Dubois
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Nature
Verified
Current global trends in meningococcal disease control, risk groups and vaccination: Consensus of the Global Meningococcal Initiative
Keywords meningococcal disease serogroup vaccination surveillance INTRODUCTION Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is communicable and a potentially fatal outcome from exposure to the Gram-negative bacterium, Neisseria meningitidis. The disease can manifest as meningitis and/or septicaemia,1 and lead to several serious sequelae, be they neurological, physical or behavioural.2 N.
A phase 1/2a clinical trial to assess safety and immunogenicity of an adenoviral-vectored capsular group B meningococcal vaccine
Editor’s summary There are now only a few approved vaccines for capsular group B meningococcus (MenB), and their cost effectiveness could be improved upon. To that end, Dold et al. developed an adenoviral-vectored MenB vaccine, ChAdOx1 MenB.1, and tested its safety and immunogenicity in a clinical trial enrolling healthy adults. The authors found that the vaccine was safe and elicited immunity against the homologous bacteria, proving the proof of concept with this approach.
Global Meningococcal Initiative: Insights on antibiotic resistance, control strategies and advocacy efforts in Western Europe
INTRODUCTION Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative bacterium,1 that colonises up to 10% of the general population asymptomatically in their nasopharynx,2 but is also responsible for causing invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). This disease mainly manifests as septicaemia and/or meningitis.3 The principal virulence factor of N. meningitidis is its polysaccharide capsule and differences in the polysaccharide composition have led to the identification of 12 serogroups.
An evaluation of ravulizumab for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
ABSTRACT Introduction Following the CHAMPION-NMOSD trial, the FDA recently granted approval for ravulizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against complement C5 protein in AQP-4 seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Similar to eculizumab, ravulizumab offers near complete prevention of NMOSD relapses, but has a longer half-life, providing decreased infusion frequency and increased convenience for patients.
An open-label, phase IV randomised controlled trial of two schedules of a four-component meningococcal B vaccine in UK preterm infants
Discussion We found that both 2+1 and 3+1 schedules for 4CMenB were immunogenic in preterm infants, although the GMT against strain NZ98/254 (PorA) at 12 months, and the proportions of infants with postprimary and prebooster SBA titres ≥4 were significantly higher with the 3+1 than 2+1 schedule. The vaccine antigen PorA is the immunodominant component of outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines.
Prevention and treatment of infection in patients with an absent or hypofunctional spleen: A British Society for Haematology guideline
KEY RECOMMENDATIONS These recommendations are tailored for UK practitioners. Those from other countries may need to evaluate their respective vaccination guidelines depending on local infection patterns and immunisation schedules. Patients should be provided with appropriate written and/or electronic information and carry a card to alert healthcare professionals to the risk of overwhelming infection (Grade 1A). Patients may wish to invest in an alert pendant or bracelet.
Meningococcal disease in the Middle East: A report from the Global Meningococcal Initiative
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Meningococcal disease in North America: Updates from the Global Meningococcal Initiative
Rouphael N.G. Stephens D.S. Neisseria meningitidis: Biology, Microbiology, and Epidemiology. Methods Mol Biol. 2012; 799: 1-20https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-346-2_1 Molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of Neisseria meningitidis with cells of the human blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Pathog Dis. 2017; : 75https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftx023 The everchanging epidemiology of meningococcal disease worldwide and the potential for prevention through vaccination. J Infect.
Highlights • We present a serological survey of COVID-19 infections in England. • This study used sera collected alongside routine blood tests in primary care. • Seropositivity was higher in younger age and in Black and Asian ethnicities, • and also higher in major conurbations and in non-smokers. • We found no difference by deprivation, sex or shielding recommendation.
Children develop robust and sustained cross-reactive spike-specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection - Nature Immunology
Sample collection Public Health England (PHE) initiated prospective SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in primary schools across the UK after they reopened following the easing of national lockdown in June 2020. The protocol for sKIDs is available online (https://www.gov.uk/guidance/covid-19-paediatric-surveillance)16.
Meningococcal Serogroup ACWYX Conjugate Vaccine in Malian Toddlers
25 References Related Articles Abstract Background Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, W, X, and Y cause outbreaks of meningococcal disease. Quadrivalent conjugate vaccines targeting the A, C, W, and Y serogroups are available. A pentavalent vaccine that also includes serogroup X (NmCV-5) is under development. Methods We conducted a phase 2, observer-blinded, randomized, controlled trial involving Malian children 12 to 16 months of age.
UK guidelines and testing for invasive meningococcal disease
We read with interest the Article by Thomas Waterfield and colleagues on the performance of clinical guidelines for invasive meningococcal disease among febrile children presenting with a non-blanching rash. The low specificity of the clinical practice guidelines for invasive meningococcal disease, including the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines, is compelling.
Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity is maintained at 6 months following primary infection
Abstract The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical in controlling disease, but there is concern that waning immunity may predispose to reinfection. We analyzed the magnitude and phenotype of the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response in 100 donors at 6 months following infection. T cell responses were present by ELISPOT and/or intracellular cytokine staining analysis in all donors and characterized by predominant CD4+ T cell responses with strong interleukin (IL)-2 cytokine expression.
Lower Risk of Invasive Meningococcal Disease during Pregnancy; national prospective surveillance in England, 2011‐2014
Main research article Lower Risk of Invasive Meningococcal Disease during Pregnancy; national prospective surveillance in England, 2011‐2014 Sydel R. Parikh Corresponding Author E-mail address: sydel.parikh@phe.gov.uk Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England, London, UK Corresponding author: Shamez N Ladhani, Immunisations, Hepatitis and Blood Safety Department, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London UK NW9 5EQ.
Serological surveillance of influenza in an English sentinel network: pilot study protocol
Infectious diseases Protocol Serological surveillance of influenza in an English sentinel network: pilot study protocol Simon de Lusignan1,2, Ray Borrow3, Manasa Tripathy1, Ezra Linley3, Maria Zambon4, Katja Hoschler4, Filipa Ferreira1, Nick Andrews5, Ivelina Yonova1,2, Mariya Hriskova1,2, Imran Rafi2, Richard Pebody6 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK 2 Clinical Innovation and Research Centre (CIRC), Royal College of General Practitioners,...
1000 School Kids Set To Enjoy Day One Of The EuroHockey Club Cup
There has been a phenomenal response to the offer of free tickets for schools to daytime matches on the opening day of the Women’s EuroHockey Club Cup at Surbiton HC. Around a thousand school children are set to watch the first three matches on Thursday 17th May, which should ensure a fantastic day one atmosphere for the six competing teams from Germany, Belarus, the Netherlands and Ireland.
The Global Meningococcal Initiative: global epidemiology, the impact of vaccines on meningococcal disease and the importance of herd protection
Expert commentary : The GMI Global Recommendations for Meningococcal Disease were updated to include a recommendation to enable access to whole-genome sequencing as for surveillance, guidance on strain typing to guide use of subcapsular vaccines, and recognition of the importance of advocacy and awareness campaigns.
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