Xikun Liu

ArticleVolume 7, Issue 1102549Open access 1Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 2Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany 3Cancer Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), Cologne, Germany 4Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany 5University of Cologne,...

1 Background Currently, the most common subtype of breast cancer (BC) is oestrogen receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER+HER2−) BC, accounting for 70% of the total incidence [1, 2]. The growth of ER+HER2− BC cells mainly depends on the activation of the oestrogen-ER axis in the nucleus.

Abstract The RNA-binding protein TDP-43 is associated with mRNA processing and transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. TDP-43 localizes in the nucleus as well as accumulating in cytoplasmic condensates such as stress granules. Aggregation and formation of amyloid-like fibrils of cytoplasmic TDP-43 are hallmarks of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, most strikingly present in >90% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients.