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1Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA 2Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), CCHMC, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA 3Division of Developmental Biology, CCHMC, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH...
Abstract The cloaca is a transient structure that forms in the terminal hindgut giving rise to the rectum dorsally and the urogenital sinus ventrally. Similarly, human hindgut cultures derived from human pluripotent stem cells generate human colonic organoids (HCOs) which also contain co-developing urothelial tissue. In this study, our goal was to identify pathways involved in cloacal patterning and apply this to human hindgut cultures.
Highlights • BMP induces HE-like cells in hPSC-derived HCOs • HE begets erythromyeloid progenitors that can differentiate into macrophages • Macrophages respond to pro-inflammatory signals and secrete cytokines • Macrophages in HCOs transcriptionally resemble those found in human fetal colon Summary Most organs have tissue-resident immune cells. Human organoids lack these immune cells, which limits their utility in modeling many normal and disease processes.
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