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Articles by Dvir Aran
Comparative Cost of Care Recommended by Large Language Models versus Treating Physicians
Reference 1 Abstract Notes Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Get Access References Media Tables Share Abstract Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for clinical decision support, yet the cost of services or treatment they recommend has not been systematically evaluated.
Comparative Cost of Care Recommended by Large Language Models versus Treating Physicians
Reference 1 Abstract Notes Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Media Tables Share Abstract Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for clinical decision support, yet the cost of services or treatment they recommend has not been systematically evaluated.
Comparative Cost of Care Recommended by Large Language Models versus Treating Physicians
Reference 1 Abstract Notes Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Get Access References Media Tables Share Abstract Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for clinical decision support, yet the cost of services or treatment they recommend has not been systematically evaluated.
Comparative Cost of Care Recommended by Large Language Models versus Treating Physicians
Reference 1 Abstract Notes Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Get Access References Media Tables Share Abstract Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for clinical decision support, yet the cost of services or treatment they recommend has not been systematically evaluated.
Comparative Cost of Care Recommended by Large Language Models versus Treating Physicians
Reference 1 Abstract Notes Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations Get Access References Media Tables Share Abstract Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for clinical decision support, yet the cost of services or treatment they recommend has not been systematically evaluated.
Tumor immune microenvironment remodeling predicts response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Keywords immunotherapy single-cell RNA sequencing tumor microenvironment treatment response pan-cancer Get full text access Log in, subscribe or purchase for full access. References 1. Robert, C. ∙ Ribas, A. ∙ Wolchok, J.D. ... Anti-programmed-death-receptor-1 treatment with pembrolizumab in ipilimumab-refractory advanced melanoma: a randomised dose-comparison cohort of a phase 1 trial Lancet. 2014; 384:1109-1117 2. Motzer, R.J. ∙ Rini, B.I. ∙ McDermott, D.F. ...
Prospective evaluation of a large language model clinical decision support system in the emergency department
Abstract Prospective evidence for artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support in emergency departments remains limited. Here we conducted a DECIDE-AI stage 1 evaluation of SHAKED, a clinical decision support system built on multiple large language models, in a tertiary emergency department. Over 4 weeks, 1,138 patients were analyzed across two parallel units—one using SHAKED and one following routine rotations.
Clinical liability cases reveal a coupling between legal defensibility and medical procedure escalation in large language models
Abstract Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for clinical decision support, yet their resource utilization implications remain largely unstudied. We introduce CLAD (Clinical Legal Accountability Dataset), evaluating fifteen LLMs on 198 US medical malpractice cases to assess legal defensibility (alignment with court-determined standards of care) and associated medical procedure costs across 3072 simulated consultations.
Fine-Pruning: A Biologically Inspired Algorithm for Personalization of Machine Learning Models
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
A multi-agent approach to neurological clinical reasoning
Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Citation: Sorka M, Gorenshtein A, Aran D, Shelly S (2025) A multi-agent approach to neurological clinical reasoning. PLOS Digit Health 4(12): e0001106.
xCell 2.0: robust algorithm for cell type proportion estimation predicts response to immune checkpoint blockade - Genome Biology
xCell 2.0 introduces a pipeline for generating custom reference objects that can be used for cell type enrichment analysis (Fig. 1A). This pipeline, which enhances the applicability of the method to diverse tissue types and experimental conditions, begins by obtaining a reference gene expression dataset of pure cell types, which can be derived from microarray, bulk RNA-seq, or scRNA-Seq data. Next, it generates cell type gene signatures using a similar approach to the original xCell method.
From gene lists to context drift
Get full text access Log in, subscribe or purchase for full access. References 1. França, G.S. ∙ Baron, M. ∙ King, B.R. ... Cellular adaptation to cancer therapy along a resistance continuum Nature. 2024; 631:876-883 2. Langfelder, P. ∙ Horvath, S. WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis BMC Bioinf. 2008; 9:559 3. Geeleher, P. ∙ Cox, N. ∙ Huang, R.S. pRRophetic: An R Package for Prediction of Clinical Chemotherapeutic Response from Tumor Gene Expression Levels PLoS One.
Tumor cell-adipocyte gap junctions activate lipolysis and contribute to breast tumorigenesis - Nature Communications
Abstract A pro-tumorigenic role for adipocytes has been identified in breast cancer, and reliance on fatty acid catabolism found in aggressive tumors. The molecular mechanisms by which tumor cells coopt neighboring adipocytes, however, remain incompletely understood. Here, we describe a direct interaction linking tumorigenesis to adjacent adipocytes.
[2508.14063] A Multi-Agent Approach to Neurological Clinical Reasoning
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
xCell 2.0: Robust Algorithm for cell type Proportion Estimation Predicts Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Abstract Background: Accurate estimation of cell type proportions from bulk gene expression data is essential for understanding the cellular heterogeneity underlying complex tissues and diseases. Here, we introduce xCell 2.0, an advanced version of the xCell algorithm, featuring a training function that permits the utilization of any reference dataset.
[2306.05779] Transformer-based Time-to-Event Prediction for Chronic Kidney Disease Deterioration
arXiv:2306.05779 (cs) Download a PDF of the paper titled Transformer-based Time-to-Event Prediction for Chronic Kidney Disease Deterioration, by Moshe Zisser and Dvir Aran Download PDF Submission history From: Dvir Aran [ view email] [v1] Fri, 9 Jun 2023 09:46:38 UTC (7,457 KB) Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer () Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media DagsHub Toggle...
Exhausted intratumoral Vδ2− γδ T cells in human kidney cancer retain effector function - Nature Immunology
Human samples Tumor samples were obtained from resection surgery from adult patients with histologically confirmed RCC. The institutional review boards of all participating institutions approved the study protocol and studies were performed in accordance with the US Common Rule. All patients gave written informed consent before participation in the study.
Thread by @dvir_a on Thread Reader App
Vaccine impact in Israel: changing trends. Analysis thread with @AArgoetti. From about a month and a half ago we are experiencing a new “Delta” burst. Cases are accumulating, and more and more severe patients are in the hospitals. https://twitter.com/AArgoetti/status/1420057245971361802 You’ve probably seen reports from Israel on low vaccine effectiveness in this wave. Is it because of Delta? Waning immunity? We think the reason is mostly that we got the denominator wrong.
Estimating real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in Israel using aggregated counts
Abstract The vaccination roll-out of the COVID-19 vaccines in Israel has been highly successful. By February 22th, approximately 47% of the population has already been administered at least one dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Efforts to estimate the true real-world effectiveness of the vaccine have been hampered by disease dynamics and social-economic discrepancies.
Estimating real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in Israel using aggregated counts
Abstract The vaccination roll-out of the COVID-19 vaccines in Israel has been highly successful. By February 9th, approximately 39% of the population has already been administered at least one dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Efforts to estimate the true real-world effectiveness of the vaccine have been hampered by disease dynamics and social-economic discrepancies.
Thread by @dvir_a on Thread Reader App
How effective are the COVID-19 vaccines? Israel was early to vaccinate its population (~1/3 of pop now with the @pfizer @biontech vaccine) and real-wold data is starting to accumulate. However, as we are learning, calculating efficacy from RWD is complicated. A thread => The vaccination campaign in Israel coincided with the beginning of a 3rd wave and a couple weeks later a full lockdown (Israel style).
CNS fibroblasts form a fibrotic scar in response to immune cell infiltration
Abstract Fibrosis is a common pathological response to inflammation in many peripheral tissues and can prevent tissue regeneration and repair. Here, we identified persistent fibrotic scarring in the CNS following immune cell infiltration in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
Intratumoral CD4+ T Cells Mediate Anti-tumor Cytotoxicity in Human Bladder Cancer
Under a Creative Commons license open access Highlights • Human bladder tumors contain multiple clonally expanded cytotoxic CD4+ T cell states • Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells can kill autologous tumors in an MHC class II-dependent fashion • Autologous regulatory T cells can inhibit the activity of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells • A cytotoxic CD4+ gene signature predicts response to anti-PD-L1 in bladder cancer Summary Responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy occur but are infrequent in bladder cancer.
Reference-based analysis of lung single-cell sequencing reveals a transitional profibrotic macrophage
Abstract Tissue fibrosis is a major cause of mortality that results from the deposition of matrix proteins by an activated mesenchyme. Macrophages accumulate in fibrosis, but the role of specific subgroups in supporting fibrogenesis has not been investigated in vivo. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize the heterogeneity of macrophages in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice.
xCell: digitally portraying the tissue cellular heterogeneity landscape
Genome Biology201718:220 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1349-1 © The Author(s). 2017 Received: 6 March 2017 Accepted: 10 October 2017 Published: 15 November 2017 Abstract Tissues are complex milieus consisting of numerous cell types. Several recent methods have attempted to enumerate cell subsets from transcriptomes. However, the available methods have used limited sources for training and give only a partial portrayal of the full cellular landscape.
Premature aging of leukocyte DNA methylation is associated with type 2 diabetes prevalence
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is highly prevalent in Middle-Eastern and North African Arab populations, but the molecular basis for this susceptibility is unknown. Altered DNA methylation levels were reported in insulin-secreting and responding tissues, but whether methylation in accessible tissues such as peripheral blood is associated with T2D risk remains an open question.
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