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Articles by Environmental Sciences
UGA forecasts ‘pretty good’ yields for Georgia watermelon growers
Low commodity prices for cotton, peanuts and corn have forced Colquitt County, Georgia, farmers to seek other crop options for this year’s growing season.Colquitt County is ranked among Georgia’s top 10 counties in watermelon acreage and farm gate value in 2014, according to the University of Georgia Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development.
Forage sorghum a viable option for Georgia cattlemen
TIFTON – With water use and rising expenses a concern, forage sorghum is a cheaper, more effective alternative for Georgia cattlemen feeding dairy cows, according to University of Georgia animal and dairy scientist John Bernard.UGA scientists are studying the effects of forage sorghum as a dietary supplement for dairy cows.
Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of Pca1p, a Polytopic Protein, via Interaction with the Proteasome at the Membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) plays a critical role in the destruction of terminally misfolded proteins at the secretory pathway. The system also regulates expression levels of several proteins such as Pca1p, a cadmium exporter in yeast.
Risk Factors for Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) in Cattle in Ethiopia
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) infection is generally correlated with individual cattle’s age, sex, body condition, and with husbandry practices such as herd composition, cattle movement, herd size, production system and proximity to wildlife—including bTB maintenance hosts. We tested the correlation between those factors and the prevalence of bTB, which is endemic in Ethiopia’s highland cattle, in the Afar Region and Awash National Park between November 2013 and April 2015.
Response to Comment on “Long-term climate forcing by atmospheric oxygen concentrations”
AbstractGoldblatt argues that a decrease in pressure broadening of absorption lines in an atmosphere with low oxygen leads to an increase in outgoing longwave radiation and atmospheric cooling. We demonstrate that cloud and water vapor feedbacks in a global climate model compensate for these decreases and lead to atmospheric warming.
Pore chemistry and size control in hybrid porous materials for acetylene capture from ethylene
Separating closely related organic molecules is a challenge (see the Perspective by Lin).The separation of acetylene from ethylene is needed in high-purity polymer production. Cui et al. developed a copper-based metal-organic framework with hexafluorosilicate and organic linkers designed to have a high affinity for acetylene. These materials, which capture four acetylene molecules in each pore, successfully separated acetylene from mixtures with ethylene.
Abstract | Digital Library
The Illinois River is a major contributor of nitrate-N to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, where nitrate is a leading cause of summertime benthic hypoxia. Corn–soybean production on tile-drained land is a leading source of nitrate-N in this river system, in addition to municipal wastewater discharge. We calculated annual nitrate-N loads in the Illinois River at Valley City from 1976 to 2014 by linear interpolation.
Abstract | Digital Library
Additives applied to animal manure slurries can affect the chemical composition and the biological processes of slurries during storage, with possible improvement of their management and reduction of environmental problems. Some new formulations are marketed claiming a nitrogen (N) removal effect due to denitrification, with the consequence of a reduced N content in the manure after storage.
Young Scholars Program life changing for scholars, mentors
TIFTON, Ga. – High school students are not the only ones benefitting from the University of Georgia Young Scholars Program on the UGA Tifton Campus. Watching students grow in knowledge and experience makes Glen Rains’ work as a mentor during the six-week internship worthwhile. “My favorite part is learning where they go after [the Young Scholars Program],” said Rains, a UGA agricultural engineer who has served as a mentor every year the program has been offered at UGA Tifton.
Abstract | Digital Library
Sulfur received extensive study as an input to terrestrial ecosystems from acidic deposition during the 1980s. With declining S deposition inputs across the eastern United States, there have been many studies evaluating ecosystem response, with the exception of agricultural watersheds. We used long-term (22 and 18 yr) sulfate concentration data from two rivers and recent (6 yr) data from a third river to better understand cycling and transport of S in agricultural, tile-drained watersheds.
Young Scholars Program life changing for scholars, mentors
TIFTON, Ga. – High school students are not the only ones benefitting from the University of Georgia Young Scholars Program on the UGA Tifton Campus. Watching students grow in knowledge and experience makes Glen Rains’ work as a mentor during the six-week internship worthwhile. “My favorite part is learning where they go after [the Young Scholars Program],” said Rains, a UGA agricultural engineer who has served as a mentor every year the program has been offered at UGA Tifton.
Young Scholars Program life changing for scholars, mentors
TIFTON, Ga. – High school students are not the only ones benefitting from the University of Georgia Young Scholars Program on the UGA Tifton Campus. Watching students grow in knowledge and experience makes Glen Rains’ work as a mentor during the six-week internship worthwhile. “My favorite part is learning where they go after [the Young Scholars Program],” said Rains, a UGA agricultural engineer who has served as a mentor every year the program has been offered at UGA Tifton.
Program life changing for scholars, mentors
High school students are not the only ones benefitting from the University of Georgia Young Scholars Program on the UGA Tifton Campus. Watching students grow in knowledge and experience makes Glen Rains’ work as a mentor during the six-week internship worthwhile. “My favorite part is learning where they go after [the Young Scholars Program],” said Rains, a UGA agricultural engineer who has served as a mentor every year the program has been offered at UGA Tifton.
Young Scholars learn about giving back during weekly visits to Maple Court
TIFTON — High school students participating in the six-week Young Scholars Program (YSP) on the University of Georgia Tifton Campus are getting more than internship experience, they are learning the importance of giving back to the community.As part of the internship summer program, 12 students have been visiting Tifton, Georgia’s Maple Court Senior Residence for a community service project.
Young Scholars Program life changing for scholars, mentors
TIFTON, Ga. – High school students are not the only ones benefitting from the University of Georgia Young Scholars Program on the UGA Tifton Campus. Watching students grow in knowledge and experience makes Glen Rains’ work as a mentor during the six-week internship worthwhile. “My favorite part is learning where they go after [the Young Scholars Program],” said Rains, a UGA agricultural engineer who has served as a mentor every year the program has been offered at UGA Tifton.
Young Scholars Program life changing for scholars, mentors
TIFTON, Ga. – High school students are not the only ones benefitting from the University of Georgia Young Scholars Program on the UGA Tifton Campus. Watching students grow in knowledge and experience makes Glen Rains’ work as a mentor during the six-week internship worthwhile. “My favorite part is learning where they go after [the Young Scholars Program],” said Rains, a UGA agricultural engineer who has served as a mentor every year the program has been offered at UGA Tifton.
Highlights from Faraday Discussion: Chemistry in the urban atmosphere, United Kingdom, April 2016
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Young Scholars visit with former President Carter
TIFTON – The Young Scholars Program (YSP) on the University of Georgia Tifton Campus provided 12 high school students a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity recently – a visit with former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, who lives in Plains.The program is a six-week internship for high school students at UGA Tifton, as well as the Griffin and Athens campuses. In addition to working alongside UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences faculty, the Young Scholars take a field trip.
Quantification of pharmaceutical peptides in human plasma by LC-ICP-MS sulfur detection
A method for quantification of a pharmaceutical peptide in human plasma was developed using gradient elution LC-ICP-MS. A membrane desolvation (MD) system was applied to remove organic solvents from the eluent prior to the detection as SO in the dynamic reaction cell (DRC) of the ICP-DRC-MS instrument and subsequent quantification by post-column isotope dilution (IDA). Plasma proteins were precipitated prior to analysis.
Metabolic Testing for Adults in a State Medicaid Program Receiving Antipsychotics: Remaining Barriers to Achieving Population Health Prevention Goals
Importance Medicaid quality indicators track diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease screening in adults receiving antipsychotics and/or those with serious mental illness. Objective To inform performance improvement interventions by evaluating the relative importance of patient, prescriber, and practice factors affecting metabolic testing.
UGA research to highlight Sunbelt Field Day
MOULTRIE – The Sunbelt Ag Expo in Moultrie is vital to the research coordinated by the University of Georgia’s various commodity teams.The 600-plus-acre Darrell Williams Research Farm, on the expo grounds, has an open door policy with UGA scientists, serving as a breeding ground for research that impacts farmers in Georgia and the Southeast.
UGA research to highlight Sunbelt Field Day
The Sunbelt Ag Expo in Moultrie, Georgia, is vital to the research coordinated by the University of Georgia’s various commodity teams.The 600-plus-acre Darrell Williams Research Farm, on the expo grounds, has an open door policy with UGA scientists, serving as a breeding ground for research that impacts farmers in Georgia and the Southeast.
Actuators Acting without Actin
Plant actuators move organs, allowing the plant to respond to environmental cues or perform other mechanical tasks. In Cardamine hursuta the dispersal of seeds is accomplished by explosive opening of the fruit. The biomechanical mechanism relies on a complex interplay between turgor regulation and cell wall mechanical properties. To access this article, please choose from the options below Read-It-Now Now available: purchase access to all research journal HTML articles for 6 or 24 hours.
A novel method for quantification of decabromodiphenyl ether in plastics without sample preparation using direct insertion probe - magnetic sector high resolution mass spectrometry - Analytical Methods (RSC Publishing)
We report a rapid, efficient analytical method for detecting Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) in plastic materials using direct insertion probe with double focusing magnetic sector high resolution mass spectrometry. We acquired the total ion spectrum (30 to 1000 m/z) and observed 959 and 799 m/z ions respectively for quantification and evaluation of the fragmentation reproducibility of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209, MW 959 amu).
Tumor-derived circulating endothelial cell clusters in colorectal cancer
Setting out to isolate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients, Cima et al. instead noticed that clusters, rather than single cells, were present in their sorting device.
We can have fish and dams: here's how
Fish are the most threatened group among Earth’s freshwater vertebrates. On average, freshwater fish populations have declined by 76% over the past 40 years. Damaged fish communities and declining fisheries characterise global freshwater environments, including those in Australia. Fish migrate to complete their life cycles, but water-resource developments disrupt river connectivity and migrations, threatening biological diversity and fisheries.
Chromosomal Translocations in Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae)-Facilitators of Adaptive Radiation?
A macrogenomic investigation of a Holarctic clade of black flies—the Simulium cholodkovskii lineage—provided a platform to explore the implications of a unique, synapomorphic whole-arm interchange in the evolution of black flies. Nearly 60 structural rearrangements were discovered in the polytene complement of the lineage, including 15 common to all 138 analyzed individuals, relative to the central sequence for the entire subgenus Simulium.
UGA plant pathologist warns farmers to spray now to prevent watermelon disease
TIFTON – University of Georgia plant pathologist Bhabesh Dutta is confident that Georgia watermelon growers will encounter downy mildew at some point during the growing season — it’s just a matter of timing and severity.Dutta encourages farmers to be proactive when dealing with this devastating disease.“It’s going to happen. It happens every year. The severity and degree of the outbreak will vary depending on when it gets in.
UGA plant pathologist warns watermelon farmers to spray now to prevent disease
University of Georgia plant pathologist Bhabesh Dutta is confident that Georgia watermelon growers will encounter downy mildew at some point during the growing season. It’s just a matter of timing and severity.Dutta encourages farmers to be proactive when dealing with this devastating disease.“It’s going to happen. It happens every year. The severity and degree of the outbreak will vary depending on when it gets in.
Identification of Highly Variable Supernumerary Chromosome Segments in an Asexual Pathogen
Supernumerary chromosome segments are known to harbor different transposons from their essential counterparts. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of transposons in the origin and evolution of supernumerary segments in the asexual fungal pathogen Fusarium virguliforme.
Sugar Synthesis from CO2 in Escherichia coli
Metabolic Cutoff in Gluconeogenesis Allows for the Decoupling of Energy Harvesting from Biomass Synthesis in E.
Young Scholars a life-changing program for students
TIFTON – Reaiah Tyson thought she was on the right career path, but a detour through the Young Scholars Program has her second-guessing her future plans.Tyson, a second-year Young Scholars student from Irwin County, is working on the University of Georgia Tifton Campus this summer, one of three campuses offering the six-week internship program, along with the university’s Griffin and Athens campuses.
Nociceptor-Enriched Genes Required for Normal Thermal Nociception
Lis-1, which showed an insensitive nociception phenotype in our screen (Figure 2Figure 2A; Table 1), is a component of a dynein-dependent motor complex that is known to play a role in dendrite and axonal morphogenesis in class IV neurons (Satoh et al., 2008xSpatial control of branching within dendritic arbors by dynein-dependent transport of Rab5-endosomes. Satoh, D., Sato, D., Tsuyama, T., Saito, M., Ohkura, H., Rolls, M.M., Ishikawa, F., and Uemura, T. Nat. Cell Biol.
Planting time, herbicide availability are key for spring barley weed control
Researchers with the College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences at The Ohio State University are conducting studies to determine the best weed control strategies for spring barley, a crop that is now getting more attention from farmers due to growth of the craft beer industry in Ohio and neighboring states.
Your Science Conference Should Have a Code of Conduct
Science conferences are a critical component of the scientific enterprise. They give us opportunities to present our research, to network and create future career opportunities, and to recruit researchers to our teams (Parsons, 2015). Many fruitful collaborations have spawned from chance meetings at conferences, and doubtless innumerable conservation solutions have stemmed from conversations over coffee at these important events.
Hepatic ATF6 Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation to Attenuate Hepatic Steatosis in Mice Through Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α
Hepatic ATF6 Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation to Attenuate Hepatic Steatosis in Mice Through Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor α Xuqing Chen, Feifei Zhang, Qi Gong, Aoyuan Cui, Shu Zhuo, Zhimin Hu, Yamei Han, Jing Gao, Yixuan Sun, Zhengshuai Liu, Zhongnan Yang, Yingying Le, Xianfu Gao, Lily Q. Dong, Xin Gao, Yu Li Diabetes Jul 2016, 65 (7) 1904-1915; DOI: 10.2337/db15-1637
Researchers Calculate Groundwater Levels from Satellite Data
A new computer algorithm developed at Stanford University is enabling scientists to use satellite data to determine groundwater levels across larger areas than ever before. The technique, detailed in the June issue of the journal Water Resources Research, could lead to better models of groundwater flow.
PLOS ONE: Carbon Nanotubes Filled with Different Ferromagnetic Alloys Affect the Growth and Development of Rice Seedlings by Changing the C:N Ratio and Plant Hormones Concentrations
Citation: Hao Y, Yu F, Lv R, Ma C, Zhang Z, Rui Y, et al. (2016) Carbon Nanotubes Filled with Different Ferromagnetic Alloys Affect the Growth and Development of Rice Seedlings by Changing the C:N Ratio and Plant Hormones Concentrations. PLoS ONE 11(6): e0157264. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157264 Copyright: © 2016 Hao et al.
Appearance of flower blooms an encouraging sign for Georgia pecan growers
TIFTON – Seeing Georgia pecan trees covered in blooms this spring has University of Georgia Cooperative Extension pecan specialist Lenny Wells encouraged about this year’s crop.Although harvest time is still five months away, Wells and Georgia farmers are assessing what pecan season will look like by the appearance and number of female flower blooms.“To produce fruit, the main thing that you’ve got to have is those female flowers.
Cadmium and Secondary Structure-dependent Function of a Degron in the Pca1p Cadmium Exporter
Protein turnover is a critical cellular process regulating biochemical pathways and destroying terminally misfolded or damaged proteins. Pca1p, a cadmium exporter in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is rapidly degraded by the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) system via a cis-acting degron that exists at the 250–350 amino acid region of Pca1p and is transferable to other proteins to serve as a degradation signal. Cadmium stabilizes Pca1p in a manner dependent on the degron.
Appearance of flower blooms an encouraging sign for Georgia pecan growers
Seeing Georgia pecan trees covered in blooms this spring has University of Georgia Cooperative Extension pecan specialist Lenny Wells encouraged about this year’s crop.Although harvest time is still five months away, Wells and Georgia farmers are assessing what pecan season will look like by the appearance and number of female flower blooms.“To produce fruit, the main thing that you’ve got to have is those female flowers.
Palmer amaranth management cutting into Georgia cotton farmers’ profits
Georgia cotton farmers are successfully managing the state’s most problematic weed, glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth, by using many methods, including hand-pulling the weed out of their fields.
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60,000 to 11,650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human colonization took place over a narrow time frame (~15 to 14.6 ka) but during contrasting temperature trends across each continent.
Comparative Analysis of Clinicopathologic Features of, Treatment in, and Survival of Americans with Lung or Bronchial Cancer
Ethnic disparities in lung and bronchial cancer diagnoses and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates in the United States are well known. However, few studies have specifically assessed these differences in Asian subgroups.
A new family of bizarre durophagous carnivorous marsupials from Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland
The species of Malleodectes are among the most extraordinarily distinctive Australian carnivores known. We consider that it is probably a dasyuromorphian rather than a representative of some other order of marsupicarnivores for the following reasons. First, StD is larger than StB on both M1 and M2, which is the common condition in dasyuromorphians, but is rare amongst other marsupials.
The microbiomes and metagenomes of forest biochars
While previous studies have used microscopy to investigate how microorganisms colonize biochar particles11,12,13,14,15, and others have reported that biochars may select for communities conveying positive ecosystem attributes such as reduced greenhouse gas production (e.g.29,30), few have systematically compared biochar communities to bulk soil communities.
Molecular clocks
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Scholars named for UGA program
TIFTON – The University of Georgia’s newest batch of Young Scholars will begin their six-week internship on the Tifton Campus May 31.This year’s crop of 12 students will work on campus with mentors who develop projects for the students in their field of interest.
Varnedore to take on Extension job in Tift Co.
TIFTON – Tim Varnedore’s 28-year experience working in University of Georgia Cooperative Extension, not to mention his youth as a 4-Her spent on his family’s farm, have prepared him for his newest Extension position: Southwest District director.Since 1987, Varnedore has worked as a county agent in Georgia’s Ben Hill, Crisp, Appling and Jeff Davis counties and, as of May 1, he is embracing his newest responsibilities in Tifton.“I know this position carries huge accountability and I welcome...
Lactation Is a Risk Factor of Postpartum Heart Failure in Mice with Cardiomyocyte-specific Apelin Receptor (APJ) Overexpression
The G protein-coupled receptor APJ and its ligand apelin are highly expressed in cardiovascular tissues and are associated with the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function. Although accumulating evidence suggests that APJ plays a crucial role in the heart, it remains unclear whether up-regulation of APJ affects cardiac function. Here we generated cardiomyocyte-specific APJ-overexpressing (APJ-TG) mice and investigated the cardiac phenotype in APJ-TG mice.
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