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Articles by Jon Clardy
Dietary sulfur amino acids enhance anti-tumor immunity in colon cancer via an NKT cell-XCL1-cDC1 circuit
Keywords colon cancer anti-tumor immunity mucus microbiome Mucispirillum schaedleri XCL1 cDC1 sulfur amino acids NKT Get full text access Log in, subscribe or purchase for full access. References 1. Siegel, R.L. ∙ Wagle, N.S. ∙ Cercek, A. ... Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023 CA Cancer J. Clin. 2023; 73:233-254 2. Topalian, S.L. ∙ Drake, C.G. ∙ Pardoll, D.M. Immune Checkpoint Blockade: A Common Denominator Approach to Cancer Therapy Cancer Cell. 2015; 27:450-461 3. Ciardiello, D.
Eggerthella lenta Produces a Cryptic Pro-inflammatory Lipid
The population of Eggerthella lenta, a Gram-positive anaerobe that frequently inhabits the human gut, has a positive correlation with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. (1−5) The link between E. lenta and multiple autoimmune diseases lies in its ability to markedly increase the population of Th17 cells.
Eggerthella lenta Produces a Cryptic Pro-inflammatory Lipid
The population of Eggerthella lenta, a Gram-positive anaerobe that frequently inhabits the human gut, has a positive correlation with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. (1−5) The link between E. lenta and multiple autoimmune diseases lies in its ability to markedly increase the population of Th17 cells.
Spontaneous Generation of an Endogenous RORγt Agonist
Inflammatory responses to stress, injury, and infection are orchestrated by transcriptional regulation, and the nuclear hormone receptor RORγt (retinoic-related orphan receptor gamma) is a key regulator. (1−3) RORγt is essential for the development of thymic T cells and the differentiation of peripheral immune cells.
Spontaneous Generation of an Endogenous RORγt Agonist
Inflammatory responses to stress, injury, and infection are orchestrated by transcriptional regulation, and the nuclear hormone receptor RORγt (retinoic-related orphan receptor gamma) is a key regulator. (1−3) RORγt is essential for the development of thymic T cells and the differentiation of peripheral immune cells.
Environmental microbiomes drive chemotactile sensation in octopus
Abstract Microbial communities coat nearly every surface in the environment and have co-existed with animals throughout evolution. Whether animals exploit omnipresent microbial cues to navigate their surroundings is not well understood. Octopuses use ″taste by touch″ chemotactile receptors (CRs) to explore the seafloor, but how they distinguish meaningful surfaces from the rocks and crevices they encounter is unknown.
Biosynthesis of the Unusual Epoxy Isonitrile-Containing Antibiotics Aerocyanidin and Amycomicin
Introduction Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Aerocyanidin (1), (1) YM-47515 (2) (2) and amycomicin (3) (3) isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum, Micromonospora echinospora and Amycolatopsis sp. AA4, respectively, are the only three long-chain fatty acid derivatives featuring a γ-hydroxyl-α,β-epoxy isonitrile functionality (Figure 1A).
Systematic mining of the human microbiome identifies antimicrobial peptides with diverse activity spectra - Nature Microbiology
Abstract Human-associated bacteria secrete modified peptides to control host physiology and remodel the microbiota species composition. Here we scanned 2,229 Human Microbiome Project genomes of species colonizing skin, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract, mouth and trachea for gene clusters encoding RiPPs (ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides). We found 218 lanthipeptides and 25 lasso peptides, 70 of which were synthesized and expressed in E.
Gut microbiome lipid metabolism and its impact on host physiology
Koppel N. Maini Rekdal V.M. Balskus E.P. Chemical transformation of xenobiotics by the human gut microbiota. Science. 2017; 356: 1246-1257 Eichelmann F. Sellem L. Wittenbecher C. Jäger S. Kuxhaus O. Prada M. Cuadrat R. Jackson K.G. Lovegrove J.A. Schulze M.B. Deep lipidomics in human plasma: cardiometabolic disease risk and effect of dietary fat modulation. Circulation. 2022; 146: 21-35 Lamichhane S. Sen P. Alves M.A. Ribeiro H.C. Raunioniemi P. Hyötyläinen T. Orešič M.
Akkermansia muciniphila phospholipid induces homeostatic immune responses - Nature
Abstract Multiple studies have established associations between human gut bacteria and host physiology, but determining the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations has been challenging1,2,3. Akkermansia muciniphila has been robustly associated with positive systemic effects on host metabolism, favourable outcomes to checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy and homeostatic immunity4,5,6,7. Here we report the identification of a lipid from A.
Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Lipid Immunogens
Addressing the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of Lyme disease (LD), the most common vector-borne disease in the US, requires a better understanding of its etiology. (1−3) LD is characterized by dysregulated immune responses to bacteria introduced by tick vectors. Typically, a female tick (Ixodes scapularis) releases bacteria (Borrelia burgdorferi) from her saliva into the human host during a blood meal.
Molecular messages in human microbiota
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Tiny crystals have big potential for determining structures of small molecules
For decades, X-ray crystallography has been the gold-standard method for determining the structures of small molecules. But two papers, one by Gruene et al.1 in Angewandte Chemie and the other by Jones et al.2 in ACS Central Science, illustrate the potential of using an electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) method called microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) for this purpose.
GABA-modulating bacteria of the human gut microbiota - Nature Microbiology
Abstract The gut microbiota affects many important host functions, including the immune response and the nervous system1. However, while substantial progress has been made in growing diverse microorganisms of the microbiota2, 23–65% of species residing in the human gut remain uncultured3,4, which is an obstacle for understanding their biological roles.
A repeating sulfated galactan motif resuscitates dormant Micrococcus luteus
Only a small fraction of bacteria can autonomously initiate growth on agar plates. Non-growing bacteria typically enter a metabolically inactive dormant state and require specific chemical trigger factors or signals to exit this state and resume growth. Micrococcus luteus has become a model organism for this important yet poorly understood phenomenon. So far, only few resuscitation signals have been described and all of them are produced endogenously by bacterial species.
Mating in the Closest Living Relatives of Animals Is Induced by a Bacterial Chondroitinase
Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation Revealed that the V. fischeri Aphrodisiac Is a Protein To understand the mechanism by which V. fischeri induces choanoflagellate mating, we set out to determine the biochemical function of EroS. The EroS protein sequence contains a predicted glycosaminoglycan (GAG) lyase domain (supported by the detection of PFAM domains PF08124, PF02278, and PF02884) (Finn et al., 2016xThe Pfam protein families database: towards a more sustainable future.
Defense contracts: molecular protection in insect-microbe symbioses
Insects cope with environmental threats using a broad array of strategies. A key strategy, widespread among insects but unappreciated until recently, is the use of molecular defenses from symbiotic microbes. Insect-microbe defensive symbioses span the diversity of insect lineages and microbial partners and use molecules ranging from reactive oxygen species to small molecules to protein toxins to defend against predators, parasites, and microbial pathogens.
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