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Articles by Shuting Ding
Excitability as a design principle in the immune system
Abstract Growing knowledge in immunology has outpaced the development of unifying concepts that explain how molecular circuits generate immune goals—strong response to pathogens, self-tolerance, and prevention of collateral damage. Here, we propose that excitability, a concept from dynamical systems, provides these goals in diverse contexts. An excitable system produces a large response pulse when stimulus crosses a threshold and then shuts itself down, followed by a refractory period.
Plant-associated fungi co-opt ancient antimicrobials for host manipulation
Abstract Evolutionary histories of effector proteins secreted by fungal pathogens to mediate plant colonization remain largely elusive. While most functionally characterized effectors modulate plant immunity, recent discoveries have revealed previously unknown functions in targeting host-associated microbiota.
Dynamic heterogeneity and hidden fluidity in dense epithelial tissues
Abstract Epithelial tissues maintain organ integrity while continuously remodeling during morphogenesis, repair, and disease. At high cell densities, these tissues often appear mechanically arrested in a disordered, solid-like state, raising the question of how they retain the ability to reorganize. Here, we show that, unlike thermal glasses, dense epithelial tissues do not exhibit caging behavior but instead behave as a complex fluid.
Spontaneous mutation rate and spectrum are modulated by organismal fitness
Abstract Understanding the principles governing mutagenesis is important because mutations are a fundamental driver of evolution and a cause of disease. Although mutation rates and spectra depend on genotype and environment, how these factors interact is unclear. We address this question using mutation accumulation experiments in 11 budding yeast strains across three environments that produce strong genotype-by-environment interactions in fitness.
Advancing anthropology in the social and interdisciplinary sciences
Given its broad and long-term perspective, anthropology is uniquely situated to address many issues related to humanity’s past, present, and future.
Continuum tactile sensing via an amplified liquid metal interface
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Abstract Multimodal tactile sensing is crucial for next-generation robotics and human-machine interaction, but conventional solutions based on discrete sensor arrays suffer from complexity, limited flexibility, and high fabrication costs. Here, we introduce a continuum sensing paradigm based on a continuous liquid metal enabled flexible tactile sensing (CLiMETS) platform.
By Shuting Ding, Yuzhi Liu, Gemma S. Trollope, Erlong Wang, Mingyuan Sun, Du-An Ge, Shuai Dong, Gang Ma, Xiao Pan, Yuewei Zhu, Hu Jin, Shi-Yang Tang, Xiangpeng Li, Weihua Li Verified, Shiwu Zhang, Hongtai Ren
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Science Magazine
Verified
A robust adhesive microneedle for oral infections therapy via synergistic antibacterial and neutrophil-macrophage axis immunomodulation
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Abstract Oral infectious diseases are challenging to treat, as conventional therapies struggle to maintain effective drug levels and simultaneously address both infection and immune dysregulation. To address this, we developed a mussel-inspired microneedle patch (PCA@FeCO MN) by incorporating Fe3(CO)12 into a caffeic acid–grafted polyvinyl alcohol network.
By Shuting Ding, Yuzhi Liu, Gemma S. Trollope, Shan Wang Verified, Yuan Chen, Qingqing He, Zhirui He, Xueyu Wang, Zixin Yang, Xu Chen, Jinglei Zhan, Zhen Zhang, Nanxin Liu, Tao Chen, Shanshan Hu
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Science Magazine
Verified
Space-time acoustofluidic tweezers for dynamic and selective manipulation of microparticles
Abstract Dynamic acoustofluidics enables precise, contact-free manipulation of particles, colloids, and cells and shows great potential for applications in physics, materials science, and life sciences. However, existing strategies struggle to realize contrast-based selective manipulation primarily because the pressure fields are time invariant.
Growing impacts of fire smoke on ozone pollution and associated mortality burden in the United States
Abstract Fire smoke pollution is an emerging health risk factor, yet prior studies have focused mostly on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and neglected the health impacts from other pollutants, most notably ozone (O3). Here, we quantify changes in ground-level O3 concentrations during smoke episodes across the contiguous US using surface air quality measurements, satellite data, and machine learning models.
Mavacamten inhibits myosin activity by stabilizing the myosin interacting-heads motif and stalling motor force generation
Abstract Most sudden cardiac deaths in young people arise from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a genetic heart muscle disease. Treatment has until recently been limited to symptomatic relief or invasive procedures. Small-molecule modulators of cardiac myosin are promising therapeutic options to target disease progression. Mavacamten, the first Food and Drug Administration–approved example, has an unclear mechanism.
d -amino acids restrain macrophage IL-1β release through gasdermin D acetylation
Abstract d-amino acids have been detected in various tissues; however, whether d-amino acids shape immune cell (e.g., macrophages) function remains undefined. Here, we demonstrated that inflammatory macrophages decrease mRNA expression of d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) and d-aspartate oxidase (DDO) through nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. Notably, inhibition of DAAO or DDO increases the concentration of intracellular d-amino acids, consequently suppressing IL-1β release.
Volcanic forcing of global climate cooling at the Younger Dryas onset preserved in North American sediments
Abstract The Younger Dryas (YD; ~12.9 to 11.7 thousand years) marks an abrupt return to near-glacial conditions during the last deglaciation, yet its cause remains debated. One possible scenario, the YD impact hypothesis, proposes an extraterrestrial trigger. However, growing geochemical and stratigraphic evidence points toward a volcanic origin.
Crystallization modulation of methylammonium-free narrow-bandgap perovskite for thermal-stable all-perovskite tandem solar modules
Abstract All-perovskite tandem solar modules offer the potential to achieve rapid increases in power conversion efficiency (PCE), yet efficient lead-tin (Pb-Sn) subcells often contain thermally unstable methylammonium (MA). Replacing MA with cesium (Cs) has been adopted to improve thermal stability but results in nonuniform nucleation and rapid crystallization, degrading large-area film quality.
The rise and fall of the world’s greatest marine biodiversity hotspot
Abstract Habitat condition and area shape global species distributions, with shallow-water reefs hosting a disproportional share of marine biodiversity. Although reef area is a well-established predictor of marine species richness, its historical context is less well understood. Here, we show that the rise of tropical marine biodiversity is closely tied to reef expansion in space and time.
Static-electricity-induced luminescence trajectory tracking: A paradigm for noncontact human-machine interaction in dark environments
Abstract Multiscenario adaptability is a core target of emerging human-machine interaction (HMI) technologies, but conventional visual HMI relies on ambient light illumination, failing to adapt to low-/no-light scenarios.
Unlocking biodiversity data with robotic imaging and AI-driven transcription of natural history collections
Abstract Digitizing metadata on natural history specimen labels remains a critical bottleneck for biodiversity research. We present a transformative workflow integrating robotic imaging with artificial intelligence (AI)–driven transcription for rapid, comprehensive data extraction from specimen labels. Single high-resolution images of specimens and associated labels were submitted to Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4 Turbo to extract verbatim textual information.
The pace of meeting carbon emission targets alters regional climate risks
Abstract Carbon budgets, derived from the near-linear link between cumulative carbon emissions and global warming, guide climate mitigation and adaptation. However, the impact of the pace of reaching a target budget on climate response remains uncertain. Using 29 climate models, we compare scenarios reaching the same carbon emission target slowly or quickly. A faster trajectory produces stronger land warming and greater exposure to extreme heat waves than a slower pathway.
Cryo-EM reveals how cardiomyopathy therapeutic drugs modulate the myosin motors of the heart
Abstract Genetic mutations in myosin, the motor protein that powers the heartbeat, are linked to inherited hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies. Mavacamten and omecamtiv mecarbil are therapeutic, myosin-targeted drugs designed to treat these myopathies, but their mechanism of action has remained unclear. Using single-particle cryo-EM, we determined near-atomic resolution structures of wild-type, mavacamten-bound, and omecamtiv mecarbil–bound myosin molecules.
Physics-based models outperform AI weather forecasts of record-breaking extremes
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)–based models are revolutionizing weather forecasting and have surpassed leading numerical weather prediction systems on various benchmark tasks. However, their ability to extrapolate and reliably forecast unprecedented extreme events remains unclear.
Shifts in Antarctic Intermediate Water properties coincide with atmospheric CO 2 rise across the Mid-Brunhes Event
Abstract Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) is key to the global carbon cycle, yet its influence on past atmospheric CO2 changes remains unclear. Using multiproxy reconstructions from the data-poor Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, we examine interglacial AAIW variability in its source region across the Mid-Brunhes Event (MBE), a major CO2 transition.
Dust storms: Hidden drivers of extreme rainfall and global precipitation shifts
Abstract Dust storms, while often seen as harmful, can play an unexpected role in enhancing rainfall. Global observations show that 7-day accumulated precipitation after dust storms exceeds dust-free conditions by up to 9.6 millimeters. Numerical simulations further confirm that dust particles act as ice nuclei, thereby promoting cloud formation and increasing rainfall through the ice crystal effect. Moreover, in regions with rising anthropogenic aerosols, dusts determine precipitation patterns.
Molecular quantum nanosensors functioning in living cells
Abstract Quantitatively mapping temperature within living cells is essential for understanding subcellular biophysical processes; however, existing intracellular quantum sensors such as nanodiamonds with nitrogen-vacancy centers, quantum dots, and fluorescent proteins face limitations in material heterogeneity, cytotoxicity, and thermometric specificity. Here, we present molecular quantum nanosensors (MoQNs) as a next-generation platform for intracellular quantum sensing.
Dynamic assembly of interfacial organic cations enables highly stable and selective CO 2 electroreduction in acid
Abstract Acidic CO2 electroreduction offers enhanced carbon utilization efficiency compared to neutral/alkaline systems but faces dual challenges of hydrogen evolution dominance and salt precipitation–induced instability when using conventional metal cation electrolytes.
IRS4 is a PI3K-activating cancer dependency up-regulated through DNA rearrangements or epigenetic mechanisms in multiple solid tumors
Abstract Cancer therapeutics frequently fail in clinical trials because of poor therapeutic index (efficacy-to-toxicity ratio). We systematically identified targets likely to have a good therapeutic index, revealing insulin receptor substrate 4 (IRS4) as a dependency in IRS4-expressing cancers.
In vivo membrane engineering traps Gd-based MRI contrast agents for detecting microhepatocellular carcinoma
Abstract Accurate detection of microhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major clinical challenge owing to the limited specificity and sensitivity of current imaging modalities. Herein, we present a dual-injection magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) peptidic probe based on in vivo membrane engineering, achieving in situ signal amplification and molecularly precise imaging.
PARP4 ADP-ribosylates PIDD1 to complete a phospho/SUMO/PAR-ylation cascade that orchestrates PIDDosome assembly
Abstract Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribosylation (ADPr) regulates multiple stress responses, yet substrates in the apoptotic machinery remain elusive. We show that a single, DNA damage–induced ADPr event controls proapoptotic PIDDosome (PIDD1/RAIDD/caspase-2) formation in response to unresolved interstrand DNA cross-links (ICL).
Functional interrogation of neuronal connections by chemoptogenetic presynaptic ablation
Abstract Most neurons are embedded in multiple circuits, with signaling to distinct postsynaptic partners playing functionally different roles. The function of specific connections can be interrogated using synaptically localized optogenetic effectors; however, these tools are often experimentally difficult to validate or produce paradoxical outcomes.
H -linear magnetoresistance in NbSe 2 due to impeded cyclotron motion
Abstract Linear magnetoresistance (LMR) is a widespread phenomenon observed in a host of quantum materials ranging from semiconductor nanostructures to quantum critical and strange metals. While multiple scenarios to explain LMR have been proposed, a complete understanding of the phenomenon remains elusive. It is highly likely that the origin of LMR depends on the specific electronic state.
TLR7 alters the maternal immune landscape during influenza A infection to increase maternal and fetal morbidity
Abstract Pregnant women infected with influenza A virus (IAV) are at increased risk of severe disease, leading to maternal and fetal complications. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) recognizes single-stranded RNA viruses, including IAV, yet its role in maternal immune responses and pregnancy outcomes during IAV infection is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that TLR7-knockout (TLR7−/−) pregnant mice showed reduced disease severity, despite similar pulmonary viral titers to wild-type (WT) mice.
Genetically engineered human cell–based microrobots for selective cancer cell death
Abstract Medical microrobots have strong potential for targeted therapeutic delivery; however, current systems achieve only physical targeting, and once at the target site, they are unable to distinguish healthy cells from cancerous ones because of the lack of biological selectivity. Here, we present a biohybrid microrobot system that combines magnetic targeting with biological selectivity.
PSGRN: Gene regulatory network inference from single-cell perturbational data through self-training with synthetic gold standards
Abstract Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are essential for understanding how genes coordinate cellular processes. Large-scale single-cell perturbation studies now offer powerful opportunities for GRN inference, yet many state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods fail to fully use interventional information.
The nuclear cap-binding complex safeguards stress-resistant protein synthesis and proliferation of stem cells
Abstract The integrated stress response (ISR) suppresses global translation while allowing selective synthesis of key regulatory proteins. However, how translation persists during ISR remains unclear. In eukaryotes, the 5′-cap of mRNAs is bound by either the cap-binding complex (CBC) or eIF4E. We show that under stress, CBC-bound mRNAs recruit eIF2A, an alternative initiation factor, to sustain translation when eIF4E-dependent translation is inhibited.
Precipitation variability, fertility, and metabolic stress over 5 millennia in the ancient Andes: A bioarchaeological path analysis
Abstract Climate change is a pressing global issue. Research on living populations fails to capture the full range of possible responses. Archaeological and bioarchaeological research offers a window into how people adapted to past climatic changes. We investigate the relationship between human health and precipitation among archaeological populations in the Andes region of South America.
Resonant Rossby wave mechanism for extreme weather performs poorly in simple model test
Abstract Quasiresonant amplification (QRA) of quasistationary Rossby waves is a mechanism for mid-latitude extreme weather that has been repeatedly proposed but subjected to only limited testing. Here, we test QRA theory by attempting to create quasiresonant Rossby waves in an idealized general circulation model, in which we identify mean flow states expected to be suitable (and unsuitable) for the existence of quasiresonant Rossby waves and quantify the associated wave amplitudes.
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