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Articles by David Mackey
Effector-triggered stomatal immunity prevents leaf invasion by bacterial pathogens
Reference #1 Abstract INTRODUCTION RESULTS DISCUSSION MATERIALS AND METHODS Acknowledgments Supplementary Materials REFERENCES eLetters (0) Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share This article has 0 eLetter . Abstract The phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae must enter the leaf interior through natural openings such as stomata to cause disease. Plants restrict pathogen entry into the leaf through non–self-recognition–driven stomatal closure. P.
Integrating corneal endophenotypes with classic GWAS approaches identifies novel keratoconus loci
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Abstract Keratoconus is a chronic progressive disorder characterized by corneal deformation. It usually affects adolescents and young adults, reducing vision and decreasing the quality of life. Here we show that integrating genetic analyses of corneal traits with large case-control studies improves the discovery and annotation of genetic factors underlying keratoconus.
By Hasan Ali Shabani, Gregor Buch, Samantha Lee, Guy Van Camp, Christoph W. Haudum, Mohsen Ghanbari, Norbert Pfeiffer, Valeria Faro, Tos T. J. M. Berendschot, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Mor M. Dickman, David Mackey, Alexander Schuster, Bart van Dooren, Caroline C. W. Klaver, Wishal D. Ramdas, Frank J. H. M. van den Biggelaar, Magda A. Smoor, Annette A. J. M. Geerards, Mahmoud Habeeb, Susanne Marx-Groß, Robert P. L. Wisse, Arthur A. B. Bergen, Frank C. T. van der Heide
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Nature
Verified
Corneal biometry changes with 0.01% atropine for myopia control: a randomised controlled trial and case of incidental keratoconus
Abstract Changes in corneal curvature have been reported with low-concentration atropine eyedrops for myopia treatment and have been suggested to play a role in the refractive changes observed during atropine therapy. A case of keratoconus was identified from the Western Australia atropine for the treatment of myopia (WA-ATOM) cohort. We tested the null hypothesis that 0.01% atropine eyedrops produce no change in corneal parameters or ectasia risk compared to placebo.
Global Axial Length Centile Charts
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By Sander Kneepkens, Gareth Lingham, James Loughman, Niall C Strang, Yih Chung Tham, Síofra Harrington, Laura Guisasola, Amanda French, Xiangui He, David Mackey, Rigmor C. Baraas, Olavi Pärssinen, Jason C. Yam, Kathryn Saunders, Jeremy Guggenheim, Seang Mei Saw, Weizhong Lan, Caroline C. W. Klaver, D. Ian Flitcroft, Fabian SL Yii, Sara J. McCullough, Ellen Svarverud, Trine Langaas, Cathy Williams, Cécile Delcourt, Christopher Hammond, Peilun Dai, Daniel K. Ting, Katie Williams, Klaus Nordhausen, Jun Chen, Xun Xu, Li Yong, Marcus Ang, Micheal Moore, Wei Pan, Samantha Lee, Virginie J. M. Verhoeven, Wu Fan, Yuzhou Zhang, Jun L Zhou, Mariam El Gharbi, Alba Galdón, Jani Moilanen, Wan-Ting Loke, Tina R. Johansen, Gro Horgen, Dirk J. van Hemert, Lene A. Hagen, CREAM-Kids Consortium, Marja-Liisa Franssila, Niko Setälä, Joan Pérez-Corral, Hanne-Mari S. Thorud, Cecilie O. Bjørset, Hilde R. Pedersen, Stuart J. Gilson
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JAMA Network
Verified
Increasing Evidence for the Utility of Red-Light Therapy and High Concentration Atropine in Myopia Control
The management of myopia progression has changed rapidly over the last decade. The range of interventions now available broadly sit within the categories of optical (peripheral defocus spectacles, soft contact lenses, orthokeratology), pharmacological (atropine) and light-based (repeated red-light therapy, increased time outdoors).
Low-concentration atropine for management of myopia progression: does iris colour matter?
Abstract To investigate interactions between iris colour and low-concentration atropine on outcomes relevant to clinical myopia management A post-hoc, exploratory meta-analysis of three randomised clinical trials investigating atropine 0.01% or 0.05% eye drops vs placebo: the Western Australian Atropine Treatment of Myopia study, the Myopia Treatment Study and the Myopia Outcome Study of Atropine in Children. Iris colour was graded as brown or not brown (including blue/green/hazel).
The legal profession is terrible at mistakes
I’ll start with a confession. Several years ago I was representing a plaintiff in a contentious matter, attempting to obtain a preliminary injunction, drafting affidavits and briefs in support, and preparing for the hearing. In the midst of that, the defendants filed counterclaims. About a month later, I woke up in a cold sweat. I had simply forgotten to answer them.
The legal profession is terrible at mistakes
I’ll start with a confession. Several years ago I was representing a plaintiff in a contentious matter, attempting to obtain a preliminary injunction, drafting affidavits and briefs in support, and preparing for the hearing. In the midst of that, the defendants filed counterclaims. About a month later, I woke up in a cold sweat. I had simply forgotten to answer them.
Large-scale GWAS of strabismus identifies risk loci and provides support for a link with maternal smoking - Nature Communications
Abstract Strabismus is a common pediatric eye misalignment and has complex genetic and environmental causes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) encountered difficulties in identifying strabismus risk variants due to heterogeneity and small samples. We performed large meta-analyses of 11 European-ancestry GWAS (7 sources), analysing broad strabismus (20,464 cases, 954,921 controls) and subtypes (esotropia/exotropia).
Uncovering genetic loci and biological pathways associated with age-related cataracts through GWAS meta-analysis - Nature Communications
Abstract Age-related cataracts is a highly prevalent eye disorder that results in the clouding of the crystalline lens and is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness. The disease is influenced by multiple factors including genetics, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and a history of diabetes. However, the extent to which each of these factors contributes to the development of cataracts remains unclear.
Unraveling Glaucoma's Genetic Tapestry
Key questions for a new era of precision medicine in glaucoma David Mackey | | 4 min read | Opinion Glaucoma has long been recognized as a disease underpinned by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
Highly accurate and precise automated cup-to-disc ratio quantification for glaucoma screening
ABSTRACT An enlarged cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) is a hallmark of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Manual assessment of the CDR may be less accurate and more time-consuming than automated methods. Here, we sought to develop and validate a deep-learning-based algorithm to automatically determine the CDR from fundus images. Algorithm development for estimating CDR using fundus data from a population-based observational study. A total of 181,768 fundus images from the UK Biobank, Drishti_GS, and EyePACS.
Extracellular niche establishment by plant pathogens - Nature Reviews Microbiology
Abstract The plant extracellular space, referred to as the apoplast, is inhabited by a variety of microorganisms. Reflecting the crucial nature of this compartment, both plants and microorganisms seek to control, exploit and respond to its composition. Upon sensing the apoplastic environment, pathogens activate virulence programmes, including the delivery of effectors with well-established roles in suppressing plant immunity.
Emerging Role of Axial Length Trajectories in the Management of Myopia
Emerging Role of Axial Length Trajectories in the Management of Myopia Axial Elongation Trajectories in Children and Adults With High Myopia Shiran Zhang, MD; Yanping Chen, MD; Zhixi Li, MD, PhD; Wei Wang, MD, PhD; Meng Xuan, MD, PhD; Jian Zhang, MSc; Yin Hu, MD, PhD; Yanxian Chen, MD, PhD; Ou Xiao, MD, PhD; Qiuxia Yin, MPH; Yingfeng Zheng, MD, PhD; Mingguang He, MD, PhD; Xiaotong Han, MD, PhD Parents and those in the health care sector who work with children will be familiar with childhood...
Protein phosphatase 2A: a high-value target of virulence factors
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Cautious recommendations on sleep and eye diseases based on epidemiological findings
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Transient Strain Monitoring of Weldments Using Distributed Fiber Optic System
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Open AccessFeature PaperArticle by 1, 1,*, 2, 2 and 1 1 Clarkson University, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA 2 Goldak Technologies Inc., Ottawa, ON K1V 7C2, Canada * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Benefits of a laser chorioretinal anastomosis plus ranibizumab vs ranibizumab alone for central retinal vein occlusion: 4-year results.
Evaluate what clinical gains can be achieved over conventional treatment with ranibizumab alone for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) when causal pathology is additionally successfully addressed with a laser-induced chorio-retinal anastomosis (L-CRA).
When 2 Epidemics Collide-COVID-19 and Myopia
Changes in behavior, particularly children spending less time outdoors, has led to an epidemic of myopia in many countries. Increased complications of high myopia are certain to follow. Public health measures to reduce myopia are being considered; most notably, spending time outdoors is being scheduled into children’s school days in some Chinese cities.
Is the disease risk and penetrance in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy actually low?
Main text We thank Watson and colleagues for a valuable extension of our work on establishing risk of vision loss from Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). 1 Watson E.C. Davis R.L. Sue C.M. Is the disease risk and penetrance in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy actually low?. They show that the risk of vision loss for LHON mutation carriers in the whole population is possibly five times lower than the low rate we found in our extended LHON pedigree study.
Transcriptomic and proteomic retinal pigment epithelium signatures of age-related macular degeneration - Nature Communications
Abstract There are currently no treatments for geographic atrophy, the advanced form of age-related macular degeneration. Hence, innovative studies are needed to model this condition and prevent or delay its progression. Induced pluripotent stem cells generated from patients with geographic atrophy and healthy individuals were differentiated to retinal pigment epithelium.
Association of Novel Loci With Keratoconus Susceptibility in a Multitrait Genome-Wide Association Study of the UK Biobank Database and Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging | Cornea | JAMA Ophthalmology | JAMA Network
Key Points Question Do large-scale studies of corneal resistance factor (CRF) and central corneal thickness (CCT) increase understanding of keratoconus risk? Findings In this genome-wide association study of 105 427 participants from UK Biobank, 18 307 from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, and 17 803 from the European ancestry CCT data from the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, 369 CRF and 233 CCT loci (a subset of which affect keratoconus) were identified.
Glaucoma - risk factors and current challenges in the diagnosis of a leading cause of visual impairment
How does glaucoma look?: patient perception of visual field loss. Ophthalmology. 2013; 120: 1120-1126 Glaucoma and disability: which tasks are affected, and at what stage of disease?. Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol. 2009; 20: 92-98 Glaucomatous visual field loss associated with less travel from home. Optom. Vis. Sci. 2014; 91: 187-193 Assessing quality of life in patients with glaucoma using the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 (GQL-15) questionnaire. J. Glaucoma.
Curious Kids: how does our DNA relate to our personality and appearance?
How does our DNA relate to our personality and appearance? — Emma, age 9, Sydney Hi Emma. Thank you for this great question! Our body is made up of trillions of cells, each of which has a nucleus that holds our DNA. Our DNA is contained within the nucleus in each cell in our body, much too small for our eyes to see! Shutterstock Our DNA is made up of more than 20,000 genes.
Statement shirts and masks worn by mourners at Floyd's viewing
Under a blazing sun, mourners wearing T-shirts with Floyd's picture or the words "I Can't Breathe" - the phrase he said repeatedly while pinned down by a Minneapolis police officer - waited for hours to pay their respects as Floyd's body, dressed in a brown suit, lay in an open gold-colored casket. HOUSTON, Texas (KTRK) -- Several guests attended George Floyd's public viewing on Monday wearing shirts and masks with impactful messages.
Target-site EPSPS Pro-106-Ser mutation in Conyza canadensis biotypes with extreme resistance to glyphosate in Ohio and Iowa, USA
Abstract Documenting the diversity of mechanisms for herbicide resistance in agricultural weeds is helpful for understanding evolutionary processes that contribute to weed management problems. More than 40 species have evolved resistance to glyphosate, and at least 13 species have a target-site mutation at position 106 of EPSPS. In horseweed (Conyza canadensis), this p106 mutation has only been reported in Canada.
Myopia in kids was rising long before they took to the screen • The Medical Republic
The number of people with myopia has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China more than 90% of university students are living with myopia. In pure numbers this is one of the largest epidemics humanity has even seen, far greater than the obesity epidemic. The myopia boom was first noted in 1980s in the cities of East Asian countries such as Korea, Taiwan and Singapore.
Short-sightedness in kids was rising long before they took to screens
Parenting / 8 January 2020, 7:00pm / David Mackey Despite decades of parents warning children, no study has shown that sitting too close to the television causes myopia. Picture: Pixabay The number of people with myopia, aka short-sightedness (difficulty seeing objects in the distance), has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China more than 90 percent of university students are living with myopia.
Short-sightedness in kids was rising long before they took to the screens
Part of the cause of short-sightedness is also in our genes. Credit: Shutterstock/Africa Studio The number of people with myopia, aka short-sightedness (difficulty seeing objects in the distance), has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China more than 90% of university students are living with myopia. In pure numbers this is one of the largest epidemics humanity has even seen, far greater than the obesity epidemic.
Short-sightedness in kids was rising long before they took to the screens
The number of people with myopia, aka short-sightedness (difficulty seeing objects in the distance), has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China more than 90% of university students are living with myopia. In pure numbers this is one of the largest epidemics humanity has even seen, far greater than the obesity epidemic.
Short-sightedness in kids was rising long before they took to the screens
The number of people with myopia, aka short-sightedness (difficulty seeing objects in the distance), has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China more than 90% of university students are living with myopia. In pure numbers this is one of the largest epidemics humanity has even seen, far greater than the obesity epidemic.
There's a larger epidemic than obesity and we're not certain what's causing it
Updated January 07, 2020 09:22:18 The number of people with myopia, aka short-sightedness (difficulty seeing objects in the distance), has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China, more than 90 per cent of university students are living with myopia. In pure numbers, this is one of the largest epidemics humanity has ever seen, far greater than the obesity epidemic.
Short-sightedness in kids was rising long before they took to the screens
The number of people with myopia, aka short-sightedness (difficulty seeing objects in the distance), has increased dramatically in recent years in various regions of the world. For example, in many cities in China more than 90% of university students are living with myopia. In pure numbers this is one of the largest epidemics humanity has even seen, far greater than the obesity epidemic.
Young adults with obstructive sleep apnea may be at higher risk for glaucoma
SAN FRANCISCO — Young adults with obstructive sleep apnea may experience preclinical thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer and could be at higher risk for glaucoma, according to a speaker here. “Obstructive sleep apnea may be associated with preclinical thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer in young adults. This suggests that an increased glaucoma risk may be present at a younger age,” David A. Mackey, MD, said at the American Academy of Ophthalmology annual meeting.
Pearly Shares "Chain Of Coral": Listen
Originally hailing from Ireland but now based in Berlin, Pearly are a duo that excel at crafting elusive music that can sound mournful as much as it can act as a salve. Their work is the result of the close partnership between Saramai Leech and Cormac O’Keeffe, whose voices often intertwine, inextricable from one another.
Premiere - Stereogum
Premiere Pearly – “Chain Of Coral” Originally hailing from Ireland but now based in Berlin, Pearly are a duo that excel at crafting elusive music that can sound mournful as much… Premiere Say Sue Me – “Your Book” South Korean surf-rockers Say Sue Me have been on quite a roll the past two years.
Application of alignment-free bioinformatics methods to identify an oomycete protein with structural and functional similarity to the bacterial AvrE effector protein
Diverse plant pathogens export effector proteins to reprogram host cells. One of the most challenging goals in the molecular plant-microbe field is to functionally characterize the complex repertoires of effectors secreted by these pathogens. For bacterial pathogens, the predominant class of effectors is delivered to host cells by Type III secretion. For oomycetes, the predominant class of effectors is defined by a signal peptide that mediates secretion from the oomycete and a conserved RxLR motif.
Planet Bike Protege 9.0 Wireless Review
A very basic wireless cycling computer, similar in function to the Cateye Strada Slim, but larger in size Price: $55 List Pros: Stem mount, good display size, multiple modes displayed Cons: Setup is complicated, phantom speed readings Manufacturer: Planet Bike By David Mackey ⋅ Review Editor ⋅ Dec 26, 2016 Our Editors independently research, test, and rate the best products. We only make money if you purchase a product through our links, and we never accept free products from manufacturers.
Giant cell arteritis: ophthalmic manifestations of a systemic disease
1. Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Bacon PA, Basu N, Cid MC, Ferrario F et al (2013) 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides. Arthritis Rheum 65(1):1–11. doi:10.1002/art.37715 CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar 2. Haugeberg G, Irgens KA, Thomsen RS (2003) No major differences in incidence of temporal arteritis in northern and western Norway compared with reports from southern Norway. Scand J Rheumatol 32(5):318–319 CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar 3.
Up close and personal with the B-52 bombers deployed to the UK for drills in Europe
Over the period of Jun. 2 and 3, 2016, three B-52H Stratofortress bombers arrived direct from their home base of Minot, North Dakota. The three aircraft deployed are 23rd Bomb Squadron “The Barons” aircraft: A total of 250 U.S Air Force personnel have been deployed to RAF Fairford in support of these aircraft. U.S. Air Force Col.
Craft Performance Short Review
Hands-On Review An aggressive, high-performance pair of cycling shorts, we got nothing but enjoyment from wearing the Craft Performance Short. The Performance Short uses Craft's Performance Pad, their three-layer, 4-way stretch, anti-microbial, and anti-shock chamois. It tied with our Editors' Choice Award winner, the Giordana Laser Bibshorts as the highest rated short/bib in this category. The whole chamois is labeled, basically providing a map of what is going on with the interior of the padding.
Craft Performance Short Review
Price: $135 List Manufacturer: Craft By David Mackey ⋅ Review Editor ⋅ July 6, 2015 Style - 10% 8.0 Breathability - 15% 7.0 Padding/Protection - 25% 9.0 Fit/Comfort - 25% 9.0 Efficiency/Pedal Friendliness - 25% 8.0 Our Verdict The Performance Short from Craft is No Longer Available as of December 2017 REASONS TO BUY Compression fit Precise chamois Leg cuffs Ergonomic cut Lower back support REASONS TO AVOID Breathability The Craft Performance Short ranked second highest in our testing field,...
Garmin Edge 200 Review
The Garmin Edge 200 is a basic GPS enabled cycling computer that accurately tracks rides but does not allow for ANT+ connectivity to other sensors for additional data collection. Performance Comparison Ease of Use The Garmin Edge 200 came with an empty battery, which meant putting it on the charger right out of the box. This gave us time to catch up on the manual. Once charged, the Edge 200 went through a quick set-up with language, units, gender, height, and weight.
Strava Review
Price: $0.00 List Pros: App on phone, intuitive, social aspect, range of features, KOM Cons: Touch screen (no gloves), options while riding, phone exposed to elements, no auto stop option Manufacturer: Strava By David Mackey ⋅ Review Editor ⋅ May 23, 2015 Our Editors independently research, test, and rate the best products. We only make money if you purchase a product through our links, and we never accept free products from manufacturers.
Giordana Laser Bibshorts Review
Performance Comparison Padding/Protection The most important aspect of a road bike short or bib is how well the chamois protects you while riding. The Giordana Laser Bib received the highest rating we awarded in this category (tied with the Craft Performance Short). Giordana's chamois, the Cirro O.F. is made for their most advanced cycling gear. Based on looks alone, it seems rather unremarkable.
Sigma BC1609 Cadence Review
Ease of Use The Sigma 1609, much like its hair-to-the-wind wireless cousin, the Sigma BC 1009 STS Wireless, is a little more difficult to set up than some of the other computers we tested. The 1609 is hampered by wires, in addition to the four different unmarked buttons you must dig through the guide in order to learn what they do. While riding, the Sigma 1609, like the 1009 is also very easy to read and scroll through modes.
Cateye CC-RD300W Strada Wireless Review
Ease of Use The Cateye Strada is a basic computer that functions nicely. The computer must be reset in order to set speed units, tire circumference, and the clock. It takes a little while to figure out what each of the three buttons controls, even with directions, and we had to start over 4 different times. This was the most difficult part of the set-up. The Strada incorporates Cateye's ClickTec feature, which allows switching through modes by depressing a button located on the back of the computer.
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