Kai Yang
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Articles by Kai Yang
Creep–Fatigue Life Prediction of GH4169 Specimens Under Uniaxial and Multiaxial Conditions by Integrating Continuum Damage Mechanics and Machine Learning
1 Introduction The structural integrity of aeroengine hot-section components, such as turbine disks and compressor blades, is essential for the operational safety and reliability of modern aircraft [1]. Driven by the requirement for higher aeroengine thrust-to-weight ratios, elevated operating temperatures subject these components to combined steady-state and cyclic thermomechanical loads.
A temperature-adaptive logit-standardized knowledge distillation for lightweight network intrusion detection
Citation: Dong X, Yang K, Liu J, Chen W (2026) A temperature-adaptive logit-standardized knowledge distillation for lightweight network intrusion detection. PLoS One 21(11): e0361860. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361860 Editor: Gen Li, Nanjing Forestry University, CHINA Received: January 19, 2026; Accepted: October 15, 2026; Published: November 2, 2026 Copyright: © 2026 Dong et al.
Low-intensity focused ultrasound for neuromodulation: mechanisms, parameters, and emerging clinical applications—a critical review
Abstract Background: Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that combines millimeter-scale spatial precision with access to cortical and deep targets — including the thalamus, basal ganglia, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens — that otherwise require invasive deep brain stimulation (DBS).
Navigating Combined Laser Modalities Versus Monotherapy for Atrophic Acne and Postsurgical Scar Improvement: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
1 Introduction A high prevalence rate for atrophic acne scars is reported among those with inflammatory acne, accounting for 55%–77% of cases, with moderate to severe deformity in approximately 30%. Postsurgical scars share the same aesthetic and physiological problems, and timely laser treatment could help direct wound healing in the right direction. Laser treatment promotes scar remodeling through stimulation of dermal renewal, reduction of vascularity, and skin surface smoothing.
Pulmonary function report capture and rule-based text indexing in an inpatient EHR cohort with recorded COPD
Abstract Background: Inpatient electronic health record (EHR) extracts may not contain pulmonary function reports stored in outpatient or laboratory systems. Before report text is used to refine a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research cohort, investigators need to know how much of that text is captured and whether this capture is selective. Herein, we audited pulmonary function report capture and built a transparent index of literal report terms.
Dual-Mode Trap-Assisted Tunable Full-Color Mechanoluminescence of CsCdCl 3 Perovskite
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description lpor72131-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx21.8 MB Supporting File 1: lpor72131-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx. lpor72131-sup-0002-VideoS1.MOV54.8 MB Supporting File 2: lpor72131-sup-0002-VideoS1.MOV.
Visible Temperature Regulation of Phase Change Material Microcapsule-Incorporated Fibrous Thermochromic Indicator
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description adem71371-sup-0001-SuppData-S1.pdf1,001.5 KB Supplementary Material References 1, , , et al., “Recent Advances and Applications of Flexible Phase Change Composites,” EcoMat 7 (2025): e70004, https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70004.
Multiscale Spatio-Temporal Data Monitoring Using Forward Elimination and Scale Information Criterion
Abstract Spatio-temporal process monitoring has broad applications in disease surveillance, environment monitoring, epidemiology, and many other areas. Most existing spatio-temporal process monitoring methods are developed for analyzing observed data at a single geospatial scale (e.g., state, county, or census tract), and usually impose some parametric assumptions on spatio-temporal data structure.
Collaborative optimization for network-wide train composition planning and passenger flow control under passenger demand ambiguity
This paper investigates the network-wide collaborative optimization of train composition planning and passenger flow control (PFC) in metro systems. It is complicated by the spatio-temporal imbalance and ambiguity of passenger demand, whose exact probability distribution is often unobtainable.
Integrating multi-omics analysis reveals shared genetic architecture and spatial correlations between heart failure and osteoporosis
Abstract Heart failure (HF) and osteoporosis (OP) are common age-related disorders with established epidemiological associations, yet their shared genetic architecture and molecular underpinnings remain poorly defined. We performed an integrative multi-omics analysis to elucidate genetic links between HF and OP. Polygenic overlap was quantified using the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR), while shared loci were mapped via conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (cond/conjFDR) analysis.
Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence
Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures have become essential for scaling large language models, with recent work demonstrating the benefits of fine-grained expert designs. Training such models from scratch is expensive, and sparse upcycling from pre-trained dense models is an attractive alternative.
NLRP3 signalling in NSCLC: distinguishing expression, inflammasome activation and context-dependent function
Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality despite advances in targeted therapy and immune checkpoint blockade. NLRP3-associated inflammation has attracted increasing interest in NSCLC, yet interpretation of the available evidence remains challenging because molecular expression, inflammasome activation, cytokine processing, pyroptotic execution and pathway dependence are frequently considered together.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a bridge to surgery versus direct surgery following SEMS placement in obstructive left-sided colon cancer: a multicenter prospective cohort study
Abstract To investigate the perioperative complications and long-term outcomes of self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) placement combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by elective surgery in patients with complete obstructive left-sided colon cancer (COLCC). A multicenter prospective study enrolled 246 COLCC patients, comparing SEMS-surgery (n = 105) and SEMS-neoadjuvant-surgery (n = 141). 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) and 8-week landmark analyses were used to mitigate biases.
Biomechanical analysis of maxillary incisor intrusion with clear aligners under different periodontal conditions: a finite element analysis
Abstract Objectives: To investigate the biomechanical effects and determine the optimal increment for maxillary incisor intrusion using clear aligners across three periodontal conditions via finite element analysis (FEA). Materials and methods: Nine FE models were created in a 3 × 3 design simulating three periodontal states (M1: normal bone level; M2: one-third alveolar bone loss; M3: one-half alveolar bone loss) combined with three intrusion increments (0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 mm).
Fast BRDF model for sea-surface foam media toward optical remote sensing and imaging simulation
Sea-surface foam and near-surface bubbles strongly affect the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of the ocean surface under high-sea-state conditions, but direct Monte Carlo radiative transfer is computationally prohibitive for repeated pixel-wise hyperspectral imaging simulations. This paper proposes a fast BRDF surrogate model for sea-surface foam media.
Nonlinear Sciences > Pattern Formation and Solitons
We systematically investigate breather solutions in the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation via numerical simulations. We show that the breather solutions are stable under a variety of perturbations, including amplitude changes, modifications of internal parameters, and perturbations of the nonlinearity of the equation.
Clinical variables and quantitative CT radiomics for mortality risk stratification after acute exacerbation of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease
Abstract Background: Acute exacerbation (AE) is the most lethal event of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease (IIM-ILD). This exploratory study compared clinical, radiomics, and combined predictor strategies across five survival-learning algorithms for survival risk stratification.
An eccentric massive protobinary assembled via a core-merger parabolic encounter
Abstract Most massive stars form in binary systems, which profoundly influence their subsequent evolution. However, how such systems form remains poorly understood, with several competing scenarios proposed, including disk fragmentation, core fragmentation and capture.
KELM transmission line fault location method incorporating uncertainty estimation
Abstract With the widespread application of flexible direct current transmission (MMC-HVDC) in the interconnection of large power grids and the consumption of new energy, the accuracy, reliability, and response speed of transmission line fault location are of crucial importance for the safe operation of the system.
POFUT1 Serves as an Independent Prognostic Factor and Therapeutic Target by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway in Glioma
POFUT1 protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 CGGA Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas IDH isocitratedehydrogenase MGMT O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase ROC receiver operating characteristic IHC immunohistochemistry 1 Introduction Gliomas are the most common malignant tumors arising in the central nervous system and are among the most difficult intracranial neoplasms to treat (Omuro 2013).
Efficacy and Safety of Sodium Hyaluronate Injection for Moderate-To-Severe Neck Wrinkles: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized, Parallel-Controlled Trial
1 Introduction Horizontal neck lines, a prominent manifestation of cutaneous aging, have emerged as a key aesthetic concern due to their profound impact on facial harmony and psychosocial well-being. The neck's anatomical vulnerability is characterized by thin dermis, diminished collagen density, and high exposure to extrinsic aging factors such as ultraviolet radiation and repetitive mechanical [1, 2].
The metabolic-inflammatory axis in chronic heart failure: integrating the NLR and TyG index for recent-onset atrial fibrillation prediction via machine learning and mediation analysis
Abstract Introduction: Recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication of chronic heart failure (CHF), potentially involving both inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation. This study aimed to develop and externally validate an interpretable machine learning (ML) model for predicting recent-onset AF in patients with CHF and to explore the relationships among inflammatory dysregulation, metabolic dysregulation, and recent-onset AF.
High-fat diet-induced gut microbiota functional reprogramming is associated with metabolic inflammation and cardiac remodeling through the gut-heart axis in mice
Abstract Background: Gut microbiota alterations have been implicated in the progression of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is influenced by lifestyle factors. However, the specific gut microbiota changes and their functional roles in MetS remain incompletely understood. Aims: We aimed to identify key gut microbial taxa associated with MetS and to explore their potential functional implications.
The multifaceted role of E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF1 in cellular signaling and disease regulation
ABSTRACT SMAD-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 (SMURF1) is a key regulator of cellular processes through its role in ubiquitination and degradation of various substrate proteins. As a member of the NEDD4 family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, SMURF1 is involved in modulating critical signaling pathways which regulate cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy.
Improvement of riming process parameterization in the WRF model and its advantages in simulating precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau
Abstract The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is characterized by frequent mixed-phase clouds, in which riming exerts a crucial control on precipitation formation. However, conventional bulk microphysics schemes generally ignore the regulatory impact of sub-grid liquid-ice mixing state on riming processes.
Overlapping Xp21.2 duplications define an X-linked hypotrichosis simplex and implicate TAB3 dosage sensitivity
Main text (The American Journal of Human Genetics 113, 1719–1735; August 6, 2026) In the originally published version of this article, the cytogenetic band designation “Xq13.3” was incorrect. The correct designation is “Xp21.2.” The designation has now been corrected throughout the main text and supplemental information, including in the article title. The genomic coordinates and duplication breakpoint information reported in the article are correct and remain unchanged.
Stepwise allelic trajectory of ETP2 underlies trade-off between UVB tolerance and submergence adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Abstract Strong UVB radiation critically restricts plant growth, yield, and distribution, while mechanisms enabling adaptation to intense UVB remain unclear. Here, we uncover that the F-box ubiquitin E3 ligase UVBT1 (also known as ETP2) is indispensable for UVB tolerance in A. thaliana. In the high-altitude Tibet accession, a distinctive 166-bp deletion in ETP2 promoter leads to the complete absence of the W-box element, thereby eliminating WRKY36-mediated transcriptional repression.
Exploration of Nirmatrelvir Derivatives as Optimized SARS-CoV-2 Antivirals
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 MPro Main Protease 1 Introduction SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, carries a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome [1, 4]. Upon entry into its host cells, the genomic RNA is released into the cytoplasm and immediately translated into two large polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab.
Durable Interphase Engineering on SiO x Anodes Through Interfacial-Enrichment-Facilitated Polymerization
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description adma74536-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf13.1 MB Supporting File: adma74536-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf. References 1 and , “Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries,” Chemistry of Materials 22 (2009): 587–603, https://doi.org/10.1021/cm901452z.
Thyroid hormone sensitivity, insulin resistance and visceral fat area as determinants of prevalent coronary heart disease in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes
Abstract Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether thyroid hormone sensitivity indices add value for CHD risk stratification among euthyroid T2DM patients is unclear. Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 412 euthyroid adults with T2DM hospitalized at a tertiary hospital (112 with CHD and 300 without).
Overexpression of FEN1 promotes cervical cancer progression via upregulating PCNA expression
Abstract Cervical cancer stands as a prevalent gynecological malignancy. The purpose of this study is to discover new therapeutic targets for cervical cancer. To identify key genes associated with cancer, we analyzed transcriptome expression data of various cancers from TCGA. CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, wound-healing assays, transwell assays and apoptosis assays were used to investigate their functions. qRT-PCR and Western Blot were utilized to verify their expression.
Comments on “Coal Dust-Mimetic Carbon Nanoparticles Induce Colonic Epithelial Cell Senescence via p16/p21 Dual Pathways and Promote Colonic Inflammatory Response”
No abstract is available for this article. Data Availability Statement Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. References 1, , , et al., “Coal Dust-Mimetic Carbon Nanoparticles Induce Colonic Epithelial Cell Senescence via p16/p21 Dual Pathways and Promote Colonic Inflammatory Response,” Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2026), https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.70480.
Split intron-exon system for circular RNA synthesis
Abstract Ribozyme-based approaches have been extensively employed for in vitro circular RNA (circRNA) synthesis. However, several critical challenges are impeding the progress in this field, including the relatively low ribozyme utilization efficiency, limited synthetic flexibility, and complicated downstream purification procedures. Here, we introduce a split intron-exon (SIE) system for circRNA synthesis by physically separating the ribozyme from its substrates.
Experimental and numerical investigation of longitudinal ventilation velocity and heat release rate on temperature distribution in highway tunnel fires
Abstract Although tunnel fires are relatively infrequent, the unique, elongated, and nearly enclosed structure of tunnels exacerbates fire hazards, and their occurrence can result in catastrophic losses, necessitating effective fire safety management. This study examines the characteristics of smoke spread and temperature attenuation in highway tunnel fires under varying heat release rates and longitudinal ventilation velocities, specifically focusing on conditions of traffic congestion.
Spatiotemporally-guided defunctionalization of nociceptive nerves with capsaicin enhances structural repair in a murine Achilles tendon rupture model
Abstract Chronic Achilles tendinopathy, a prevalent and debilitating condition, impairs daily function and quality of life. While healthy tendons lack internal nerves, pathological ingrowth of sensory nerve fibers into the tendon is now recognized as a key source of chronic pain. These sprouting nerves act as nociceptors and release pain-associated neuropeptides like Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), perpetuating pain and neurogenic inflammation.
Development and validation of interpretable machine learning models to predict 30-day mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage
Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) carries high early mortality. To enable personalized decision-making, we developed and validated interpretable machine learning models for 30-day mortality prediction. This retrospective cohort study included patients with ICH extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) clinical database.
Overlapping Xq13.3 duplications define an X-linked hypotrichosis simplex and implicate TAB3 dosage sensitivity
Keywords X-linked hypotrichosis simplex structural variant tandem duplication TAB3 anti-inflammatory therapy copy-number variant Get full text access Log in, subscribe or purchase for full access. References 1. Doolan, B.J. ∙ Rayinda, T. ∙ Chiu, F.P. ... A review of genotrichoses and hair pathology associated with inherited skin diseases Br. J. Dermatol. 2023; 189:154-160 2. Hayashi, R. ∙ Shimomura, Y. Update of recent findings in genetic hair disorders J. Dermatol. 2022; 49:55-67 3. Peled, A. ∙ Samuelov, L.
Self-aligned assembly of piezoelectric nanorods for 6G wireless communications
Abstract High-frequency acoustic resonators are key elements in radio-frequency (RF) front ends that enable signal selection, filtering, and spectral reconfiguration in modern wireless communication systems. However, achieving both large electromechanical coupling (k2) and high quality factor (Q) in 5G/6G bands (3 to 7 GHz, or sub-7 GHz) remains a critical challenge for acoustic wave devices.
Propagation of side-stream partial nitritation–anammox disturbance to mainstream wastewater greenhouse gas emissions
Abstract Side-stream partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) process is energy efficient for nitrogen removal but highly sensitive to disturbances such as high organic loadings from anaerobic digestion (AD) liquor. How such disturbance affects downstream treatment performance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in full-scale plants remains insufficiently understood. Here, a full-scale Anoxic-Aerobic-AD-PN/A wastewater treatment plant was compared during satisfied and disturbed PN/A operation.
Molecular Engineering of π-Conjugated C═O/C═N Cathode for Ultrastable Organic Zinc-Ion Batteries
Zhangyu Wang and Xiaodong Geng contributed equally to this work. Z.Wang, X.Geng, K.Yang, et al. “Molecular Engineering of π-Conjugated C═O/C═N Cathode for Ultrastable Organic Zinc-Ion Batteries.” Small (2026): e73961. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.73961 Conflicts of Interest None of the authors have a conflict of interest to disclose. Data Availability Statement The data that supports the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.
Harnessing a Thermo-Compensating Effect to Stabilize Heterojunctions: An Effective Strategy for Durable Reversible Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Cite Jump to ExpandCollapse Kinetics, Catalysis, and Reaction EngineeringMay 22, 2026 Harnessing a Thermo-Compensating Effect to Stabilize Heterojunctions: An Effective Strategy for Durable Reversible Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells Click to copy article linkArticle link copied! Kai Yang Kai Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China Caiyue Xie Caiyue Xie School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of...
Computer Science > Robotics
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Advancing Nitrogen Recovery from Livestock Manure Processing toward a Circular Economy in Agriculture Click to copy article link Article link copied!
1. Environmental Impact of Nitrogen Loss from Livestock Manure Systems Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in livestock diets and serves as a key fertilizer for crop production. The rate of nitrogen application to crop fields globally has increased significantly over time, rising from an average of 45 kg N ha–1 yr–1 in the 1960s to 101 kg N ha–1 yr–1 in the 2010s.
Research on precursory patterns and mechanisms of microseism and electromagnetic radiation during the evolution process of rock burst
Abstract To address the frequent occurrence of rock burst in deep mining at Yuejin Coal Mine and the inaccuracy of traditional single-index early warning, this study integrates electromagnetic radiation (EMR), microseismic (MS) monitoring, and on-site observations to systematically analyze the precursors and mechanisms of rock burst in the 25,110 working face. The results show that EMR signals exhibit three temporal patterns: rise-then-fall (71.4% of events), continuous fall, and continuous rise.
Bio-inspired core-shell microcapsules enhance plant salinity tolerance by improving stability and survival of non-spore bacteria
Abstract Non-spore-forming bacteria can enhance crop salinity tolerance via various strategies, but poor viability during storage and field application limits their use. Inspired by the robust structure of spore dormancy, a core-shell microcapsule consisted of sodium alginate, poly (γ-glutamic acid), and chitosan (APC) is proposed.
Suppressing acoustomigration and temperature rise for high-power robust acoustics
Abstract High-frequency acoustic wave transducers, favored for their compact size, are not only dominating mobile handsets but are also expanding into various interdisciplinary fields. However, as strong vibration can “shake off” substances and produce heat, a long-standing bottleneck has been the ability to harness acoustics under high-power loads, especially for interdigital-transducer-based surface acoustic wave devices.
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