Liying Jin

Research articleOnline nowOpen access Affiliations & Notes 1Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2State Key Laboratory of Animal Biodiversity Conservation and Integrated Pest Management, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Article Info Publication History: Received February 12, 2026; Revised May 5, 2026; Accepted June 4, 2026; Published online June 8,...

1 Introduction Pan-gastrointestinal cancers, comprising esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers, are among the most prevalent and fatal malignancies globally. Notably, colorectal cancer and gastric cancers rank among the top ten cancer types with the highest mortality rates worldwide [1]. In 2022, an estimated 1.9 million patients were newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 904,000 related deaths were reported, accounting for approximately one-tenth of all cancer cases and deaths [1].